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関連する概念動画

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

6.7K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.7K
Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

48.5K
Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
48.5K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

14.3K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
14.3K
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.2K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
3.2K
Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

6.6K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
6.6K
Genomics02:02

Genomics

37.8K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Updated: Sep 28, 2025

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues
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An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

10.5K

完全なヒトゲノムにおける表遺伝的パターン

Ariel Gershman1, Michael E G Sauria2, Xavi Guitart3

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 31, 2022
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

T2T-CHM13ゲノム参照は,これまで解明されていないヒトDNA配列の高解像度表遺伝子マップを提供します. この研究は,複雑なゲノム領域における遺伝子活動と調節に関する洞察を示しています.

さらに関連する動画

Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo
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Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo

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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP Protocol for Low-abundance Embryonic Samples
12:47

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP Protocol for Low-abundance Embryonic Samples

Published on: August 29, 2017

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Sep 28, 2025

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues
10:41

An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

Published on: April 5, 2018

10.5K
Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo
06:38

Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo

Published on: October 8, 2017

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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP Protocol for Low-abundance Embryonic Samples
12:47

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ChIP Protocol for Low-abundance Embryonic Samples

Published on: August 29, 2017

15.9K

科学分野:

  • ゲノミクス
  • エピジェネティクス
  • 人間 の 遺伝子

背景:

  • テロメール対テロメール (T2T) のヒト参照ゲノム (T2T-CHM13) は複雑なゲノム領域を解析した.
  • これまでに解明されていない配列は,アクロセントリック染色体短腕と遺伝子ファミリーを含むが,詳細な表遺伝的特徴が欠けていた.

研究 の 目的:

  • T2T-CHM13ゲノムの解明されていない配列を高解像度で研究する.
  • これらの複雑な領域におけるCpGメチル化,DNAアクセシビリティ,およびクロマチン免疫降水配列 (ChIP-seq) のピークをマッピングする.
  • 以前に特徴づけられていないゲノム領域における表遺伝子調節と遺伝子活性を調べる.

主な方法:

  • 3228万CpGのCpGメチル化の高解像度マッピング
  • DNAアクセシビリティの分析
  • これまで解明されていない166,058の染色体免疫降水配列のピークを統合した.
  • 6人の異なる個体からのヒトセンターメアの表遺伝子分析.

主要な成果:

  • エピジェネティック特性の正確なマッピングは,全アクロセントリック染色体短腕,遺伝子ファミリーの拡張,および多様な繰り返しのクラスです.
  • 以前未確認または修正された遺伝子の活性に関する証拠
  • 臨床的に重要なパラログ特異的調節の発見
  • ヒトのセントロメアにおけるキネトコア局所化の変動率の推定.

結論:

  • このエピジェネティック・リソースは 難解なヒトゲノム領域の研究の枠組みを提供します
  • この発見は,複雑で未解決のゲノム配列の表皮質学的調節に関する洞察を提供します.
  • この研究は,包括的な表遺伝子分析のための完全なゲノムアセンブリの重要性を強調しています.