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Rh Blood Group01:19

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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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ルベッラ

Amy K Winter1, William J Moss2

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens GA, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|April 3, 2022
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

ルベッラウイルスは軽度の病気を引き起こすが,妊娠中に感染した場合,乳児に先天性ルベッラ症候群を引き起こす可能性があります. ワクチン接種は,赤毛とその重篤な合併症を予防する鍵です.

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科学分野:

  • ウイルス学
  • 免疫学
  • 公衆衛生

背景:

  • ルベッラは発熱と発疹を特徴とする急性ウイルス性疾患です.
  • 妊娠初期に発生した赤血球ウイルス感染症は,先天性赤血球症候群 (CRS) を引き起こし,公衆衛生上の大きな課題となる.
  • 世界保健機関 (WHO) は,毎年約10万例のCRSを推定しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • ルベッラウイルス感染症の総合的な概要を提示する.
  • 生まれながらの赤毛症候群の危険と結果を強調する.
  • 病気の予防と根絶のための赤毛ワクチン接種の重要性を強調する.

主な方法:

  • ルベッラウイルスの疫学,臨床的表れ,予防戦略に関する既存の文献のレビュー.
  • 世界的な赤血球ワクチン接種率に関するデータ分析
  • ルベッラとCRSの公衆衛生への影響に関する情報のまとめ

主要な成果:

  • ルーベッラウイルスは呼吸器の水滴や直接接触で感染し,感染者の25〜50%は無症状である.
  • 臨床的な赤毛は通常,発熱,発疹,リンパ腺病などの軽度で自己限定的な病気ですが,関節炎や脳炎などの合併症を引き起こす可能性があります.
  • 生まれながらの赤毛症候群 (CRS) は,白内障,聴覚障害,心不全,小頭症などの重篤な状態で表れます.

結論:

  • ルベッラとCRSは,ルベッラを含むワクチンによって効果的に予防され,しばしば麻疹ワクチンと併用されます.
  • 困難にもかかわらず,世界規模での赤毛撲滅は達成可能な公衆衛生の目標です.
  • 壊滅的な先天的な結果を防ぐために,世界的な赤毛ワクチンの接種率を増やすことが不可欠です.