心不全で食事中のナトリウムを100mmol未満に減らす (SODIUM-HF):国際的,オープンラベル,ランダム化,制御試験
Justin A Ezekowitz1, Eloisa Colin-Ramirez2, Heather Ross3
1Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 5, 2022
まとめ
心不全患者の食事中のナトリウム摂取量を減らすことは,臨床的イベントや全因死亡を有意に減少させなかった. 心不全における100mmol以下の食事介入に関する研究 (SODIUM- HF) では,低ナトリウムダイエットによる有意な効果は認められなかった.
科学分野:
- 心臓病科
- 臨床栄養について
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 食事中のナトリウム摂取制限は,心不全の管理において,流体過負荷を防ぐための一般的な推奨です.
- 心不全患者における不良臨床事象の予防における有意なナトリウム減少の有効性は,まだ研究中である.
研究 の 目的:
- 慢性心不全患者の臨床的イベントの減少における低ナトリウム食事 (< 100 mmol/ day) の有効性を評価する.
- 心血管疾患による入院,緊急診療,全原因死亡率に対する 食事中のナトリウム摂取量減少の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- SODIUM- HFは,国際的,ランダム化制御試験でした.
- 低ナトリウムダイエット (< 1500 mg/ 日) または通常の治療に割り当てられました.
- 主なアウトカムは,心血管疾患の入院,救急診療所への訪問,または12ヶ月以内に全原因による死亡でした.
主要な成果:
- 低ナトリウム食は,日平均ナトリウム摂取量を2,286 mgから1,658 mgに減らし,通常のケア摂取量は高かった (2,119 mgから2,073 mg).
- 低ナトリウム群では15%,通常の治療群では17% (HR 0. 89; p=0. 53) であった.
- 心血管疾患や死因の有意な差は観察されず,安全性に関する懸念も報告されなかった.
結論:
- 100 mmol/ day未満のナトリウム摂取量を減らすための食事介入は,心不全の ambulatory 患者の臨床イベントを減少させなかった.
- 現在のガイドラインに準拠した治療は十分であり,集中的な食中のナトリウム制限は,この集団に追加的な臨床的利点を提供しない可能性があります.
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