イントロン媒介によるフェノタイプ異質性の誘導

Martin Lukačišin^1,2,3, Adriana Espinosa-Cantú¹, Tobias Bollenbach^4,5

¹Institute for Biological Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Nature

|April 21, 2022

まとめ

イーストのリボソームタンパク質遺伝子のイントロンは異なる飢餓生存戦略を持つ異なる細胞集団を作り出すことができますこの内部媒介による現象的異質性は,変化する環境において適格性の優位性をもたらします.

科学分野:

分子生物学
遺伝学
ユカリオットの遺伝子調節

背景:

イントロンは,トランスクリプトの成熟時に除去される非コーディングRNA配列であり,真核生物のゲノムに普遍的に存在します.
芽生える酵母は,通常,イントロンに乏しく,異なるイントロン構造を持つ複製されたリボソームタンパク質遺伝子を有する.
以前の研究では,リボソームタンパク質のイントロンがストレスと飢餓における役割を強調しましたが,リボソームの調節への貢献は不明でした.

研究の目的:

誘導可能なフェノタイプの異質性を媒介し,酵母における適性優位性を授与するイントロンの役割を調査する.
環境ストレス下でのリボソームの調節と集団の多様化にイントロンがどのように貢献するか解明する.

主な方法:

アイソ成長プロフィールと単細胞タンパク質の測定を組み合わせた.
小型のリボソームサブユニットタンパク質Rps22Bのバイモダル遺伝子発現を分析した.
オスモティックストレスと高糖濃度下でのRps22B発現を調査した.

主要な成果:

オスモティック・ストレスは,5' 翻訳されていない領域のイントロン経由でバイモダルRps22B発現を誘導し,飢餓の対処能力を有するサブ集団を生み出しました.
低レベルのRps22Bは,持続的な飢餓中に生存を促進し,高レベルのRps22Bは,一時的な飢餓後に成長を加速した.
高糖状態の酵母はまた,静止段階に近いバイモダルのRps22B発現を示した.

結論:

イントロンは誘導可能なフェノタイプの異質性を媒介し,ダイナミックな環境でフィットネスの優位性を提供します.
リボソームタンパク質遺伝子の微分内媒調節により集団の多様化が可能になり飢餓のような環境的課題への適応を助長する.
イーストの複製されたリボソームタンパク質遺伝子は,正確な発現制御と環境反応のバランスをとることができます.

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