静止 した がん 細胞 は,免疫 抑制 基 を 形成 し て T 細胞 の 攻撃 に 抵抗 する
Pilar Baldominos1, Alex Barbera-Mourelle2, Olga Barreiro3
1Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Cell
|April 21, 2022
まとめ
トリプルネガティブ乳がん (TNBC) の静止がん細胞 (QCC) は,抑制性腫瘍微環境を作り出すことで,免疫療法に抵抗します. これらのQCCをターゲットにすることで,治療抵抗を克服し,TNBCの再発を防ぐことができます.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 免疫学
- 癌 生物学
背景:
- 免疫療法はトリプルネガティブ乳がん (TNBC) に対して有望である.
- 患者の再発は,免疫療法に対する抵抗のメカニズムを示しています.
- 耐性を理解することは,TNBCの治療結果を改善するために極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- TNBCにおける免疫療法抵抗性における静止がん細胞 (QCCs) の役割を調査する.
- QCCクラスター内の腫瘍の微小環境を特徴づけるため
- TNBCにおける免疫療法に対する抵抗を誘発する細胞メカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- 空間解像度のある単細胞RNA配列解析を用いた.
- QCCのニッチ内外の免疫細胞への浸透はプロファイリングされた.
- トランスクリプトミックの分析により,細胞のフェノタイプと遺伝子発現パターンが特定されました.
主要な成果:
- 静止がん細胞 (QCC) は,免疫細胞の浸透が減少したクラスターを形成します.
- QCCは腫瘍発生の可能性を高め,化学療法に対する耐性および幹性に関連した遺伝子を発現させます.
- QCCクラスター内では,枯渇したT細胞,腫瘍を保護する線維芽細胞,機能不全の dendritic細胞を含む低酸素の微環境が観察されました.
結論:
- QCCは,T細胞機能を損なう低酸素を誘発することによって,免疫抑制性腫瘍の微環境を作り出します.
- QCCはTNBCにおける免疫療法抵抗性の貯蔵庫として作用する.
- QCCをターゲットにすることは,TNBCにおける免疫療法抵抗性を克服し,疾患の再発を防ぐための潜在的な戦略を提供します.
さらに関連する動画
09:04Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells
Published on: March 7, 2025
740
07:44Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
Published on: November 28, 2019
7.6K
関連する概念動画
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance
5.1K
Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
5.1K
Tumor Immunotherapy
689
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
689
Stem Cell Niche
5.3K
The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
5.3K
The Tumor Microenvironment
6.8K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.8K
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.3K
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
3.3K
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.4K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K
