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世界 的 な 爬虫類 の 評価 は,四足 類 の 共同 の 保護 必要 を 強調 し て い ます
Neil Cox1, Bruce E Young2, Philip Bowles1
1Biodiversity Assessment Unit, IUCN-Conservation International, Washington, DC, USA.
Nature
|April 28, 2022
まとめ
爬虫類の絶滅の危険性は高く,21%以上の種が脅かされています. 他の四足類の保護は爬虫類に 利益をもたらしますが 標的を絞った行動が必要になります
科学分野:
- 保護生物学
- 動物学
- エコロジー
背景:
- 地球規模での絶滅の危険性評価は,両生類,哺乳類,鳥類に対する高い脅威レベルを特定しています.
- 爬虫類は,特に乾燥地帯の生物の多様性にもかかわらず,絶滅の危険性に関する包括的な分析ではほとんど含まれていません.
- 爬虫類の保護の必要性を理解することは 生物多様性の効果的な保護に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- すべての爬虫類の絶滅のリスクを 総合的に評価する.
- 爬虫類の主要な脅威を特定し,他の四足動物に影響を与えるものと比較する.
- 爬虫類の他の四足類保護戦略の有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 10,196種の爬虫類の絶滅のリスクを 全面的に評価したものです
- 農業,伐採,都市開発,侵入種,気候変動などの脅威の分析
- 爬虫類と他の四足類の脅威レベルと保全の代理母子の比較
主要な成果:
- 少なくとも1,829種の爬虫類 (21.1%) が絶滅の危機に瀕しており,これは156億年の遺伝子多様性を表しています.
- 爬虫類の主要な脅威は他の四足類の脅威を反映し,森林に住む種は乾燥した生息地にある種よりも脅威にさらされています.
- 鳥,哺乳類,両生類は爬虫類の効果的な保護代理として機能しますが,範囲制限の脅威にさらされている爬虫類は統合されていない.
結論:
- 爬虫類は絶滅の危機に直面しており 保護行動が不可欠です
- 他の四足動物に対する 既存の保全戦略は 多くの爬虫類の種に 利益をもたらします
- クロコダイルやカメなどの 絶滅の危機に瀕している爬虫類にとって 標的を絞った保護活動が不可欠です
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