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Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

8.0K
A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
8.0K
Mitochondrial Protein Sorting01:39

Mitochondrial Protein Sorting

4.4K
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death.  Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
4.4K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

4.6K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
4.6K
Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane01:12

Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane

3.3K
Porins are beta-barrel proteins translocated to the mitochondrial outer membrane through the TOM complex into the intermembrane space. Porin precursors bind TIM chaperones within the intermembrane space and are guided to the Sorting and Assembly Machinery complex or SAM complex on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Three models describe the assembly of porins by the SAM complex and their insertion into the outer membrane. Model 1 suggests that porins are assembled outside the SAM channel as the...
3.3K
Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins01:39

Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins

2.6K
Mitochondrial precursors are partially unfolded or loosely folded polypeptide chains. Newly synthesized precursors are inhibited from spontaneously folding into their native conformation by the cytosolic chaperones, heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70), and mitochondrial import stimulation factors (MSFs). Precursors bound to MSFs are guided to the TOM70-TOM37 receptors, while precursors bound to Hsp70  chaperones are targetted to TOM20-TOM22 receptor complexes.
Most of the mitochondrial...
2.6K
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

3.7K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.7K

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Preparation of Mitochondrial Enriched Fractions for Metabolic Analysis in Drosophila
08:22

Preparation of Mitochondrial Enriched Fractions for Metabolic Analysis in Drosophila

Published on: September 30, 2015

9.7K

ミトコンドリアタンパク質の機能を深層マルチオームプロファイリングで定義する

Jarred W Rensvold1,2, Evgenia Shishkova3,4, Yuriy Sverchkov5

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Nature
|May 25, 2022
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者は細胞の反応をマッピングするために 200以上のミトコンドリアタンパク質ノックアウトをプロファイルしました この研究では,新しい遺伝子機能とミトコンドリア障害の診断のためのシグネチャーが特定されました.

さらに関連する動画

Preparation of Mitochondria from Ovarian Cancer Tissues and Control Ovarian Tissues for Quantitative Proteomics Analysis
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Preparation of Mitochondria from Ovarian Cancer Tissues and Control Ovarian Tissues for Quantitative Proteomics Analysis

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Author Spotlight: Two-Step Tag-Free Isolation of Mitochondria for Improved Protein Discovery and Quantification
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Author Spotlight: Two-Step Tag-Free Isolation of Mitochondria for Improved Protein Discovery and Quantification

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Preparation of Mitochondrial Enriched Fractions for Metabolic Analysis in Drosophila
08:22

Preparation of Mitochondrial Enriched Fractions for Metabolic Analysis in Drosophila

Published on: September 30, 2015

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Preparation of Mitochondria from Ovarian Cancer Tissues and Control Ovarian Tissues for Quantitative Proteomics Analysis
11:51

Preparation of Mitochondria from Ovarian Cancer Tissues and Control Ovarian Tissues for Quantitative Proteomics Analysis

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Author Spotlight: Two-Step Tag-Free Isolation of Mitochondria for Improved Protein Discovery and Quantification
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Author Spotlight: Two-Step Tag-Free Isolation of Mitochondria for Improved Protein Discovery and Quantification

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科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • 生物化学

背景:

  • ミトコンドリアは 細胞のエネルギーと代謝に不可欠です
  • ミトコンドリア機能障害は 150以上の疾患を引き起こしますが 多くのタンパク質と遺伝的原因は 未知のままです
  • ミトコンドリアのタンパク質の機能を理解することは これらの疾患の診断と治療に不可欠です

研究 の 目的:

  • ヒトのミトコンドリアタンパク質の 機能的なマップを作成します
  • ミトコンドリアの乱れに対する 細胞の反応を調査する
  • ミトコンドリア障害に関連する新しい遺伝子を特定する.

主な方法:

  • ミトコンドリアタンパク質を標的とした200以上のHAP1細胞ノックアウトラインを作成するためにCRISPR-Cas9遺伝子編集を使用しました.
  • 細胞反応を測定するために,質量スペクトロメトリーベースのマルチオミクス分析を行った.
  • 約830万個の生物分子の測定を集めた

主要な成果:

  • PIGY アップストリーム・オープン・リーディング・フレーム (PYURF) は,複合IアセンブリとコエンザイムQのバイオシンセシスに関与するメチルトランスファーゼチャペロンとして,新しいミトコンドリア障害に関連しています.
  • ミトコンドリアのリボソームと酸化リン酸化 (OxPhos) の整合性に関連したSLC30A9.
  • RAB5IFが脳の機能障害を 引き起こす第二の遺伝子として確認された
  • ミトコンドリアのタンパク質機能と細胞の反応に関する包括的なデータセットを生成した.
  • ミトコンドリアの機能障害を示す 細胞のサインを発見した

結論:

  • この研究は,ヒトのミトコンドリアタンパク質の機能的要約を提供し,孤児タンパク質の特徴づけに役立ちます.
  • ミトコンドリア疾患の理解を進める新しい遺伝子機能と疾患関連を特定した.
  • MITOMICS.app リソースは,ミトコンドリアのタンパク質機能と疾患メカニズムの研究を容易にする.
  • 特定された細胞シグネチャーは,ミトコンドリア疾患の遺伝子診断に役立ちます.