距離3の表面コードで量子エラーの修正を繰り返す
Sebastian Krinner1, Nathan Lacroix2, Ants Remm2
1Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. skrinner@phys.ethz.ch.
Nature
|May 25, 2022
まとめ
研究者は17個の量子ビットの 表面コードを使って 量子エラーの修正を証明しました この高速で高性能なサイクルは 論理的な量子ビットの状態を保ち 誤差を許容する量子コンピューティングの道を開きます
科学分野:
- 量子コンピューティング
- 量子情報科学
- エラー修正コード
背景:
- 量子コンピューティングは 難解な問題を解決すると約束しています
- 誤差を許容する量子コンピュータには,不一致と制御不正確に対する堅固なエラー修正が必要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 表面コードを用いて量子エラーの修正を証明する. 高度な容認性のある量子エラーの修正コード.
- 超伝導回路で17個の物理量子ビットを使って 量子情報を論理量子ビットにコードする
主な方法:
- 超伝導回路の表面コードを 17個の物理クビットで実装した
- ロジカルクビット状態を維持するために 1.1マイクロ秒でエラー修正サイクルを実行します.
- ビットフリップとフェーズフリップのエラーシンドロームを測定し,エラーフリーモデルで最小重量完全マッチングアルゴリズムを使用して解読した.
主要な成果:
- 論理量子ビットの4つの基本状態の保存を達成しました.
- 繰り返し,高速 (1.1μsサイクル) で,高性能の量子エラー修正サイクルが実証されている.
- 漏れを検出した回路を拒絶した後,サイクルの3%の低い論理エラーの確率を測定した.
結論:
- このデモンストレーションは,誤差を許容する量子計算の実用性をサポートしています.
- 結果は数値モデルと一致し 実験的アプローチを検証しています
- この表面コードの実装のような 量子エラー修正の進歩は スケーラブルな量子コンピュータの構築に不可欠です
関連する概念動画
00:59Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error
1.1K
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
1.1K
01:10Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error
906
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
906
01:15Distance Corrections
93
To achieve precise distance measurements, especially in surveying and construction, certain corrections must be applied to account for potential sources of error like the standardization errors, temperature variations, and slope adjustments.Standardization error emerges when measurement equipment undergoes changes, such as wear, repairs, or weather impacts. To address this, surveyors compare the equipment’s readings to a standard. This process identifies any deviation that might lead to...
93
01:00Detection of Gross Error: The Q Test
6.4K
When one or more data points appear far from the rest of the data, there is a need to determine whether they are outliers and whether they should be eliminated from the data set to ensure an accurate representation of the measured value. In many cases, outliers arise from gross errors (or human errors) and do not accurately reflect the underlying phenomenon. In some cases, however, these apparent outliers reflect true phenomenological differences. In these cases, we can use statistical methods...
6.4K
01:14NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction
785
When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
785
01:19Routh-Hurwitz Criterion II
433
In the application of the Routh-Hurwitz criterion, two specific scenarios can arise that complicate stability analysis.
The first scenario occurs when a singular zero appears in the first column of the Routh table. This situation creates a division by zero issues. To resolve this, a small positive or negative number, denoted as epsilon (∈), is substituted for the zero. The stability analysis proceeds by assuming a sign for ∈. If ∈ is positive, any sign change in the first...
The first scenario occurs when a singular zero appears in the first column of the Routh table. This situation creates a division by zero issues. To resolve this, a small positive or negative number, denoted as epsilon (∈), is substituted for the zero. The stability analysis proceeds by assuming a sign for ∈. If ∈ is positive, any sign change in the first...
433