甲状腺上皮細胞は,自己反応性T細胞を排除するために,系統を決定する転写因子を共用する
Daniel A Michelson1, Koji Hase2, Tsuneyasu Kaisho3
1Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|June 17, 2022
まとめ
骨髄上皮細胞 (mTEC) は,系統を定義する転写因子を用いて特殊な"模倣性"の細胞を作ります. これらの細胞は,自己耐性を確立し,自己免疫を防ぐために重要な周辺組織抗原 (PTAs) を発現します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 細胞生物学
- 転写因子生物学
背景:
- 骨髄皮細胞 (mTECs) は免疫耐性にとって不可欠である.
- mTECは,外周組織抗原 (PTA) の数千をエクトピー的に発現する.
- mTECによるPTA発現の障害は多臓器自己免疫を引き起こす.
研究 の 目的:
- mTECがPTAを表現するメカニズムを調査する.
- 異なるmTECサブタイプと自己耐性におけるその役割を特定する.
- mTECの差異化と機能における系統を定義する転写因子の機能を理解する.
主な方法:
- 個々のmTECでのクロマチンアクセシビリティアッセイ
- mTECサブタイプのトランスクリプトミックの分析と組織学的分析
- 転写因子とAireがミメティックな細胞機能における役割を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 系統を定義する転写因子 (Grhl,FoxA,FoxJ1,Hnf4,Sox8,SpiBなど) を発現する,ミメティック細胞と呼ばれる独特のmTECサブタイプを特定した.
- ミメティック細胞は,mTECのアイデンティティを保持しながら,エクストラチム細胞タイプを反映した方法でPTAを発現します.
- 系統を定義するTFは,模倣細胞の蓄積とPTA発現に不可欠であり,Aireは部分的な役割を果たします.
- 模倣細胞におけるモデル抗原の発現は,T細胞耐性を効果的に誘導した.
結論:
- mTECは,系統を定義するTFを使用して,ミメティックな細胞を生成します.
- 模倣細胞はPTAを発現し,自己耐性を誘発するために重要です.
- このメカニズムは,胸膜の分化中にT細胞を教育することによって,自己免疫を防ぐ.
関連する概念動画
T Cell Types and Functions
1.4K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.4K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
4.4K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
4.4K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
3.9K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
3.9K
Lineage Commitment
3.1K
Commitment is the process whereby stem cells:
3.1K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
1.9K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
1.9K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
71.8K
Overview
71.8K


