交通安全リスク因子対策による人命救出:世界規模と国内規模での見積もり
Andres I Vecino-Ortiz1, Madhuram Nagarajan1, Sarah Elaraby2
1Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 2, 2022
まとめ
高速運転,飲酒運転,ヘルメット,シートベルトの使用に対する 道路交通安全対策の実施は,世界の道路交通事故の 25~40%を 防ぐことができます. このデータは,持続可能な開発目標3.6を達成するために,生命を救う道路安全対策を優先させるのに役立ちます.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 輸送の安全性
- 世界保健
背景:
- 低所得国や中所得国では 交通事故による死亡が大きな原因です
- 持続可能な開発目標 (SDG) 3.6を達成するための資源配分には緊急にデータが必要です.
- この研究は,証拠に基づいた道路安全対策の必要性を明らかにしています.
研究 の 目的:
- 交通事故のリスク要因を対象とした介入によって救われた人の数を推定する.
- 道路安全対策の優先順位を決めるために,国別データを提供すること.
- SDG 3.6を達成するための戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- 道路交通事故による死亡率に関する根拠に基づいた予防的介入の体系的検討
- 分析は4つの主な危険因子に重点を置いた.高速運転,飲酒運転,ヘルメット使用,シートベルト/子供用シートセット使用.
- 文献レビューの変数と国家レベルのデータ (人当たりのGDP,人口密度,政府の有効性) を使用して生成された国別推定値.
主要な成果:
- 4つの主なリスク要因に対する介入を実施することで,世界の死亡事故の25-40%を防ぐことが可能になります.
- スピードアップによる介入は 年間約347,258人の命を救うことができます
- 飲酒運転による介入は 少なくとも1万6304人の命を救える シートベルトによる介入は 12万1083人の命を救える ヘルメットによる介入は 51万698人の命を救える
結論:
- 主要なリスク要因をターゲットにした証拠に基づいた交通安全対策は,世界的に交通事故死者を減らすのに非常に効果的です.
- 各国の推定では,これらの介入の潜在的影響とスケーラビリティが強調されています.
- この結果は,道路交通安全イニシアチブを優先し,SDG 3.6を前進させるための重要な証拠を提供します.
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