ランタニド/アクティニド極極超水素における室温以上の超伝導性の予測
Xin Zhong1,2, Ying Sun1, Toshiaki Iitaka3
1State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials and International Center for Computational Method & Software, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 12, 2022
まとめ
科学者は,室温の超伝導性を達成できる新しい超水素 (MH18) を発見しました. これらの材料は350GPaで安定し,以前の記録を上回る330Kまでの臨界温度を示します.
科学分野:
- 凝縮物質物理学
- 材料科学
- 量子材料について
背景:
- 室温の超伝導性は,材料科学の主要な目標である.
- 前回の高圧ランタン超水素 (LaH10) は室温に近い250~260Kに達した.
- 高い臨界温度を持つ安定した材料を発見することは,実用的なアプリケーションにとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 超伝導性を高めるため 水素に富んだ新種の材料を 探求する
- 室温の超伝導性を有する 安定した超水素を計算的に探す
- 新型スーパーヒドリド化合物の電子と結合特性を調査する.
主な方法:
- 先進的な結晶構造探査法を使いました
- MH18 (M:稀土/アクチニド原子) クラスの調査されたステキオメトリック化合物.
- 超伝導的臨界温度 (Tc) を計算し,電子特性を分析した.
主要な成果:
- MH18クラトラート超水素の 新種を特定した
- これらの化合物は,実験的に利用可能な圧力 (350 GPa) で安定すると予測されています.
- 330Kまでの予測された臨界温度 (Tc),室温を超える.
- 原子金属水素に類似した電子性質を観測した.
結論:
- MH18の超水素は室温の超伝導性への 重要な進歩を表しています
- これらの材料は,熱力学的に安定した水化物に見られる最も高いTcを示しています.
- これらの極端な超水素のさらなる研究は,高Tcフォノン媒介超伝導性のメカニズムを解明することができる.
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