病気と健康における炎症記憶と組織適応

Shruti Naik^1,2,3,4, Elaine Fuchs⁵

¹Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA. Shruti.Naik@nyulangone.org.

Nature

|July 13, 2022

まとめ

遺体について

科学分野:

免疫学
エピジェネティクス
細胞生物学

背景:

身体は過去の有害物質や病原体との接触を記憶しています
この免疫記憶は後の脅威に対する反応を高めますが適応不良の炎症や慢性疾患や癌にも繋がります
この分野は2007年から著しく進歩し炎症記憶における表遺伝的メカニズムを認識しています

研究の目的:

炎症記憶の進化を振り返るため
免疫系を超えた遺伝的記憶の役割に関する最近の発見を強調するためです
炎症記憶が人間の健康や病気に及ぼす影響について

主な方法:

2007年から出版された研究の文献レビュー.
炎症記憶のエピジェネティックメカニズムに関する発見の合成
様々な組織や疾患における炎症記憶の役割の分析

主要な成果:

炎症記憶は免疫系に限定されず,上皮細胞 (皮膚,肺,腸,臓) と神経細胞に広がります.
エピジェネティック・モディフィケーションはこの非特異的な記憶を広めるための鍵です
アルツハイマー病や癌のリスクの増加などの神経退行性疾患に遺伝的炎症記憶を結びつける新たな証拠があります

結論:

エピジェネティックな炎症記憶は人間の健康に深い二重の影響を及ぼし保護を提供すると同時に病気にも貢献します
これらのメカニズムを理解することは新しい病原体やアレルゲンや汚染物質の増大する脅威に対処するために不可欠です
ヒトの健康と病気管理への影響を完全に解明するには,さらなる研究が必要です.

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