HGTは昆虫に広く存在し,レピドプテラスの雄の求愛に寄与する
Yang Li1, Zhiguo Liu1, Chao Liu2
1Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Cell
|July 19, 2022
まとめ
横断的な遺伝子転送 (HGT) は昆虫の進化に大きく影響し,昆虫は様々なドナーから1400以上の新しい遺伝子を獲得しました. これらの遺伝子は 特にイントロンを持つ遺伝子は 適応性を高め 求愛などの行動に影響を与えます
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- ゲノミクス
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 水平遺伝子転送 (HGT) は重要な進化的メカニズムである.
- HGTは様々な生物で観察されているが,昆虫では体系的に研究されていない.
- 昆虫は動物種の大部分を占めています
研究 の 目的:
- 昆虫におけるHGTの範囲と影響を体系的に調査する.
- 昆虫のゲノムにおける新しいHGT遺伝子とその機能を特定する.
- 昆虫の適応と進化における HGT の役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- 218種類の高品質の昆虫ゲノムを分析しました
- HGTで得られた遺伝子の識別と特徴付け
- 遺伝子の起源を突き止めるための比較ゲノム分析
- 遺伝子発現分析で,イントロンを含んでいる HGT 遺伝子とイントロンを含まない HGT 遺伝子を比較する.
- CRISPR-Cas9の遺伝子編集で ダイアモンドバックの蝶の遺伝子機能を研究する.
主要な成果:
- 741の異なった移植から 1,410のHGT遺伝子が発見され,その多くは以前は報告されていなかった.
- レピドプテランはHGT遺伝子の平均数が最も多かった.
- イントロンを含むHGT遺伝子は,著しく高い発現レベルを示した.
- 蝶の祖先から得られた遺伝子LOC105383139が 機能的に検証されました
- LOC105383139の喪失により,オスの求愛行動が低下した.
結論:
- HGTは昆虫の適応に大きく貢献する 主要な進化力です
- イントロン獲得は,HGTで得られた遺伝子の適応を促進する可能性があります.
- HGTは機能的に新しい遺伝子を導入し 昆虫の複雑な行動に影響を与えています
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