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小惑星 (101955) Bennuのサンプル収集と地下掘削
D S Lauretta1, C D Adam2, A J Allen3
1Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
まとめ
小惑星ベヌから採取したサンプルは 地下物質を明らかにした. この物質は表面よりも暗く,赤く,密度が低いので,太陽系の初期の組成の洞察を可能にします.
科学分野:
- 惑星科学
- 天文地質学
- 宇宙化学
背景:
- Bennu (101955) のような炭素質の小惑星は,初期の太陽系の構成を理解するために不可欠です.
- これらの小惑星には 揮発性化合物や有機分子が含まれており 惑星の形成に関する手がかりを 提供しています
- 宇宙船のミッションは 地球上で詳細な分析のためにサンプルを回収することを目的としています
研究 の 目的:
- 宇宙船のデータを用いて,小惑星ベヌの表面と地下物質を分析する.
- サンプル収集中に発掘された物質の物理的およびスペクトル特性を特徴付ける.
- 初期の太陽系を理解するための ベヌの組成の影響を評価する
主な方法:
- サンプルの採取中に,そして採取後に,宇宙船で画像とスペクトルデータを収集する.
- サンプリングイベントによって形成された残骸の羽と掘削されたクレーターの分析.
- 移動した地表物質の特性,包括して大量密度とスペクトル特性.
主要な成果:
- サンプルの採取により 9メートルのクレーターが形成され 元の表面よりも 暗く 赤く 細かい物質が露出しました
- 地下物質は500~700kg/m3の質量密度を示し,これは小惑星全体の約半分である.
- 観測器の光学上の粒子は 放射能が変化した炭酸性隕石に 匹敵する.
結論:
- 小惑星ベヌの地下物質は表面と大きく異なっており,形成または変化の過程が異なっていることを示している.
- 発掘された素材は 原始的な小惑星の組成と構造に関する貴重な洞察を提供します.
- 採取された試料は250 ± 101グラムで,太陽系の初期の物質の将来的な地球ベースの分析に不可欠です.
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