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Application of Pascal's Law01:03

Application of Pascal's Law

8.5K
Pascal's experimentally proven observations—that a change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid and to the walls of its container—provide the foundations for hydraulics, one of the most important developments in modern mechanical technology.
Hydraulic systems are used to operate automotive brakes, hydraulic jacks, and numerous other mechanical systems. We can derive a relationship between the forces in a simple hydraulic system...
8.5K
Fluid Pressure01:14

Fluid Pressure

1.3K
In mechanical engineering, fluid pressure plays a critical role in designing systems that utilize liquid flow, such as hydraulic systems, pumps, and valves. When designing these systems, engineers must ensure they can withstand the forces created by fluid pressure to avoid damage or failure.
According to Pascal's law, a fluid at rest will generate equal pressure in all directions. This pressure is measured as a force per unit area, and its magnitude depends on the fluid's specific...
1.3K
Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Constant Width01:05

Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Constant Width

1.8K
When a body is submerged in water, it experiences fluid pressure acting normal on its surface and distributed over its area. For better design structures, it is crucial to determine the magnitude and location of the resultant force acting on the surface. In the case of a rectangular plate of constant width submerged in water, the pressure increases with depth, resulting in a linearly varying trapezoidal pressure distribution from the upper to the lower edge of the plate.
The resultant force...
1.8K
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface

3.1K
When a plane surface is submerged in a fluid, hydrostatic forces develop on the surface due to the fluid's pressure. For horizontal surfaces, the pressure exerted by the fluid is uniform because the depth remains constant. The resultant force is determined by the pressure at the given depth multiplied by the area of the surface, and it acts through the centroid of the surface. For vertical surfaces, the pressure varies with depth, increasing as the distance from the fluid's free surface...
3.1K
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

1.5K
Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...
1.5K
Applications of Integration to Find Hydrostatic Pressure01:30

Applications of Integration to Find Hydrostatic Pressure

367
Hydrostatic force is a fluid's total force at rest on a surface. For a horizontal surface submerged at a fixed depth, the pressure is constant and calculated as the product of fluid density, gravitational acceleration, and depth. In the case of a vertical dam wall submerged in water, this force is not evenly distributed due to the increasing pressure with depth. This variation arises from the cumulative weight of the water above each point. Integration is used to account for the continuous...
367

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 4, 2026

Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays
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Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays

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パルス式水圧反応式自己浄化膜

Yang Zhao1, Yuna Gu1, Bin Liu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Nature
|August 3, 2022
PubMed
まとめ

新しい水圧反応膜 (PiezoMem) は,圧力の変動から電気パルスを生成し,その場で自己浄化します. この技術は様々な汚染物質を 化学薬品なしで効果的に分解し 排斥し 膜の用途に持続可能な解決策を提供します

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Microfluidic Pneumatic Cages: A Novel Approach for In-chip Crystal Trapping, Manipulation and Controlled Chemical Treatment
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The Visual Colorimetric Detection of Multi-nucleotide Polymorphisms on a Pneumatic Droplet Manipulation Platform
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The Visual Colorimetric Detection of Multi-nucleotide Polymorphisms on a Pneumatic Droplet Manipulation Platform

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 4, 2026

Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays
18:11

Microfluidic Chips Controlled with Elastomeric Microvalve Arrays

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Microfluidic Pneumatic Cages: A Novel Approach for In-chip Crystal Trapping, Manipulation and Controlled Chemical Treatment
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The Visual Colorimetric Detection of Multi-nucleotide Polymorphisms on a Pneumatic Droplet Manipulation Platform
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 化学工学
  • 環境科学

背景:

  • 圧力を駆動する膜は産業全体で重要な分離技術です.
  • 膜の汚れは依然として大きな課題であり,運用コストを増加させ,効率を低下させます.
  • 現在の解決策はしばしば化学処理や外部の刺激を含み,二次的な浪費と高額な費用につながります.

研究 の 目的:

  • 膜の汚れを解決する自己浄化膜システムを開発する.
  • 液圧反応性膜 (ピエゾメム) を導入し,その場で浄化することができる.
  • PiezoMemの効能を証明するために,外部のエージェントなしで発泡剤の分解と排斥.

主な方法:

  • 水圧反応膜 (ピエゾメム) の製造
  • 電気反応を誘発するために一時的な水圧変動を適用します.
  • 有機分子,油,タンパク質,バクテリア,無機コロイドを含む様々な汚染物質に対する膜の性能を評価する.

主要な成果:

  • ピエゾメムは圧力パルスを有意な電流と電圧の振動 (+5.0/-3.2V) に成功させた.
  • 生成された電気反応は,広範な膜汚染物質を効果的に分解し,反撃しました.
  • 活性酸素種 (ROS) 生成とダイエレクトロフォレティック・レプルスに起因した.

結論:

  • PiezoMemは,圧力を駆動する膜システムのための革新的な自己浄化ソリューションを提供しています.
  • この技術は化学洗浄剤の必要性をなくし,環境への影響と運用コストを削減します.
  • PiezoMemは,様々な産業分離プロセスで汚れを軽減する幅広い適用性を示しています.