エピジェネティックリーダSP140 制御不能のマクロファージトポイソメラーゼによる機能喪失がクローン病を誘発する
Hajera Amatullah1, Isabella Fraschilla2, Sreehaas Digumarthi3
1Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|August 11, 2022
まとめ
斑点タンパク質140 (SP140) の喪失は,トポイソメラーゼの活性を解き放つことで免疫機能障害を引き起こす. トポイソメラーゼ (TOPs) を阻害することで,これらの欠陥を修復し,SP140に関連する疾患に対する潜在的な治療法を提供します.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- エピジェネティクス
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 斑点タンパク質140 (SP140) は,クローン病 (CD),多発性硬化症 (MS),慢性リンパ球性白血病 (CLL) などの免疫疾患に関与する表遺伝子調節剤である.
- SP140変異が病気の発生に寄与する正確なメカニズムは,ほとんど不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- 免疫調節におけるSP140の分子機能を明らかにする.
- クロマチンの構造とマクロファージの機能の維持におけるSP140の役割を調査する.
- SP140に関連した免疫欠陥を標的とした治療戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- 全球プロテオミク解析でSP140の相互作用タンパク質を特定する
- SP140機能喪失モデル (SP140-/- マウス) を用いたインビトロおよびインビボ試験
- マクロファージの転写プログラム,バクテリア殺菌測定,およびトポイソメラーゼの薬理学的抑制の評価 (TOP1/2).
主要な成果:
- SP140は,ヘテロクロマチンとマクロファージの同一性を維持するために重要なトポイソメラーゼ (TOPs) の抑制剤として特定されました.
- SP140の欠乏は,TOP活動の増加,異常な遺伝子発現,および微生物に対するマクロファージの反応の低下をもたらした.
- TOP1/ 2の薬理学的抑制により,正常なマクロファージ機能が回復し,SP140欠乏したマウスの腸内病理が改善された.
- 野生型マウスではなく,SP140-/-マウスの特異的に救助された欠陥.
結論:
- SP140はトポイソメラーゼの重要な抑制剤として作用し,表遺伝的安定性と免疫細胞機能を保ちます.
- SP140の機能の喪失はTOPの活性化を引き起こし,静止された遺伝子の抑制をなくし,免疫機能の障害を引き起こします.
- トポイソメラーゼの活性をターゲットにすることは,SP140の喪失に関連した免疫疾患に対する有望な治療法です.
関連する概念動画
Epigenetic Regulation
3.1K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
3.1K
Exon Recombination
3.7K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.7K
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.2K
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
2.2K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
8.5K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
Writers
The writer...
8.5K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease
364
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
364
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance
35.1K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
35.1K


