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Olfaction

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...

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Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Author Spotlight: Visualizing Olfactory Receptor Expression in Mosquitoes

Author Spotlight: Visualizing Olfactory Receptor Expression in Mosquitoes

Published on: November 17, 2023

コウモリにおける非正規の匂いのコード化

Margaret Herre¹, Olivia V Goldman², Tzu-Chiao Lu³

¹Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Kavli Neural Systems Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY 10065, USA.

|August 19, 2022

まとめ

この要約は機械生成です。

Aedes aegyptiのような蚊は嗅覚受容体を使って人間を検出します驚くことに多くの蚊のニューロンは複数の受容体を共発し破壊しにくい頑丈なシステムを作り出します

キーワード:

エイドス・エジプティコウモリ匂いのコード嗅覚について snRNA-seq について

さらに関連する動画

Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae

Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae

Published on: February 17, 2010

A Step-by-Step Guide to Mosquito Electroantennography

A Step-by-Step Guide to Mosquito Electroantennography

Published on: March 10, 2021

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Author Spotlight: Visualizing Olfactory Receptor Expression in Mosquitoes

Author Spotlight: Visualizing Olfactory Receptor Expression in Mosquitoes

Published on: November 17, 2023

Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae

Single Sensillum Recordings in the Insects Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae

Published on: February 17, 2010

A Step-by-Step Guide to Mosquito Electroantennography

A Step-by-Step Guide to Mosquito Electroantennography

Published on: March 10, 2021

科学分野:

昆虫学
神経科学
分子生物学

背景:

エイジプティ蚊はデング熱のようなアーボウイルスに感染します
ヒトの体臭や二酸化炭素を検出するためにイオノトロプの化学感知受容体を使います
以前の研究では蚊の嗅覚受容体の冗長性は遺伝子の変異が人間の魅力にわずかな影響を及ぼすと示唆されていました

研究の目的:

蚊の嗅覚システムの組織原理を調べるため
Aedes aegyptiの蚊が人間を検知する仕組みを理解するためです
蚊の嗅覚の強さの理由を探るため

主な方法:

Aedes aegyptiの嗅覚神経を研究するために,in vivoの電気生理学が使用されました.
個々のニューロンにおける化学感知受容体遺伝子共表現の分析.

主要な成果:

定説に反して,アデス・エジプティの嗅覚神経は複数の化学感受受容体遺伝子を共発する.
この非正規の共表現は,蚊の嗅覚ニューロンの広範なリガンド感受性に起因する.
レセプター共表現の冗長性は蚊の嗅覚システムの強さを高めます

結論:

Aedes aegyptiは独特の嗅覚システムを利用しニューロンが複数の化学感覚受容体を共発する
この共表現メカニズムは蚊が人間を効果的に検出するのに役立ちます
この発見は蚊が人間に惹かれるのを妨げるのが難しいことを説明してくれます