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メソポタミアの古代DNAは,アナトリアへの独特の陶器時代の前と陶器時代の新石器時代の移住を示唆している

Iosif Lazaridis^1,2, Songül Alpaslan-Roodenberg^2,3, Ayşe Acar⁴

¹Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|August 25, 2022

まとめ

古代のDNAは西アジア新石器時代の人口が狩猟採集者の混合から形成され遺伝的連続性を生み出したことを示していますアナトリアの農家たちはメソポタミアとレバントの異なった遺伝子フローを示し複数の移住脈動を示しています

科学分野:

古代のDNA分析
集団遺伝学
考古遺伝学

背景:

西アジアにおける新石器時代の革命は人口の移動や文化的な変化を伴うものでした
初期の農民分散の遺伝的風景を理解することは人類の歴史を再構築するために極めて重要です

研究の目的:

メソポタミア,キプロス,アルメニアを含む西アジアの重要な新石器時代地域からの最初の古代DNAデータを提示します.
西アジアにおける初期の新石器時代の人口の遺伝的起源と混合パターンを調査する.
アナトリア新石器時代の人口への移住の脈動を記録する

主な方法:

骨格の残骸から古代DNA (aDNA) の抽出とシーケンシング.
集団構造と添加物を推論するために,高通量配列データを分析する.
古代のゲノムと現代と古代の集団を比較して祖先を追跡する.

主要な成果:

メソポタミア,キプロス,ザグロス,アルメニアの新石器時代の人口は,新石器時代以前のアナトリア,コーカサス,レバントの狩猟採集者の混合から生じた.
祖先の遺伝的連続は西アジア全体で観察され,地理的分布を反映した.
アナトリアの陶器時代以前の新石器時代の人口は,メソポタミアと地方のエピパレオリシック時代の混合から生じた.
アナトリアの陶器新石器時代の人口は,レバントからの追加の遺伝子フローを示し,少なくとも2つの移住パルスを示しています.

結論:

西アジアにおける初期の新石器時代の人口は,多様な狩猟採集集団が関与した複雑な混合イベントによって形成された.
遺伝データは,地理によって影響された西アジアの人口構造のモデルをサポートしています.
アナトリアは新石器時代,肥沃な半月から少なくとも2つの異なった移住の波を受けていた.

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