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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Catalytically Perfect Enzymes01:07

Catalytically Perfect Enzymes

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The theory of catalytically perfect enzymes was first proposed by W.J. Albery and J. R. Knowles in 1976. These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. Their catalytic efficiency values range from 108-109 M-1s-1. These enzymes are also called 'diffusion-controlled' as the only rate-limiting step in the catalysis is that of the substrate diffusion into the active site. Examples include triose phosphate isomerase, fumarase, and superoxide dismutase.
 
Most enzymes...
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Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

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Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
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Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

8.0K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
8.0K
Enzymes02:34

Enzymes

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Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

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非対称な触媒における一般性に対するスクリーニング

Corin C Wagen1, Spencer E McMinn2, Eugene E Kwan3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Nature
|September 1, 2022
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

新しい多基板スクリーニング方法は,最初からエナチオ選択性と一般性の両方を選択することによって,非対称な触媒を強化します. このアプローチは,複雑な分子の合成を改善し,広く適用可能なキラル触媒を特定します.

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Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System
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Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System

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Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs
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Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs

Published on: January 17, 2020

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
12:08

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

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Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System
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Multi-enzyme Screening Using a High-throughput Genetic Enzyme Screening System

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Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs
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Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs

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科学分野:

  • 有機化学
  • カタリシス
  • 合成化学

背景:

  • 非対称な触媒は50年以上にわたってキラル化合物の合成を大幅に進めてきた.
  • 幅広い基板選択性を示す反応はほとんどなく,その影響は限られている.
  • 現在の触媒の発見はしばしば単一の基板に集中し,一般性を妨げています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 一般的な非対称な触媒を特定するための実用的なアプローチを開発する.
  • エナンチオセレクティビティと基質一般性の両方を同時に選択する.
  • 伝統的な単基板スクリーニングの限界を克服する.

主な方法:

  • マルチサブストラットスクリーニング戦略を実装した.
  • 超臨界流体染色体質スペクトロメトリー (SFC-MS) による高通量キラル分析を用いた.
  • 効率的な分析のために採取したサンプルです.

主要な成果:

  • 一般的なエナチオセレクティブピクテ・スペングラー反応の新発見
  • 幅広い基板範囲で高いエナチオ選択性を示した.
  • 初期スクリーニングセット以外の基板でも高い選択性を達成します.

結論:

  • マルチサブストラットスクリーニングは,一般的な非対称な触媒を発見するための効果的な戦略です.
  • この方法は,広範な適用性を持つ触媒の識別を加速します.
  • このアプローチは,従来の触媒発見技術よりも大幅に改善されています.