亜致死性シトクロームcの放出により,薬剤耐性の持続細胞が生成される
Halime Kalkavan1, Mark J Chen1, Jeremy C Crawford1
1Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Cell
|September 2, 2022
まとめ
薬剤耐性の持続細胞は 癌治療を回避する 亜致死性ミトコンドリア損傷とシトクロームcの放出により ストレス反応が引き起こされ,フェロプトーシスに脆弱な 持続細胞が生成されます.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 癌 研究
- 分子腫瘍学
背景:
- 薬剤耐性持続細胞 (persisters) は,治療によって誘発されるアポトーシスを回避するがん治療における重要な障害である.
- 持続的な細胞形成の背後にあるメカニズムを理解することは より効果的ながん治療法の開発に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 薬剤耐性の持続細胞の生成の基礎にある分子機構を調査する.
- 持続性細胞の生存と脆弱性に関与する重要な信号伝達経路を特定する.
主な方法:
- 癌モデルにおける持続細胞形成を誘発するために,プロアポプトティックBH3ミミティクスを利用した.
- ミトコンドリア外膜浸透 (MOMP) とシトクロームcの放出を研究した.
- 統合ストレス反応 (ISR),ヘム調節阻害体 (HRI) キナーゼ,ATF4の持続細胞生成における役割を分析した.
主要な成果:
- BH3模倣治療に生き残った細胞は,体内のコロニー化と転移を含む持続的な表型を示した.
- サブレタルMOMPとホロサイトクロームcの放出は,持続細胞の生成に不可欠でした.
- 持続性細胞生成はアポプトソームとカスパースの活性化とは無関係でしたが,シトゾール性シトクロームc,HRIキナーゼ,ISR,ATF4が必要でした.
結論:
- 亜致死性シトクロームc放出は,亜致死性MOMPをカスパース独立のATF4活性化と結びつけ,薬剤耐性の持続性フェノタイプを確立する.
- 持続性細胞はGPX4抑制によるフェロプトーシス誘導に対する感受性が高まっている.
- これらの発見は,持続的な細胞生成のための新しい経路を明らかにし,このメカニズムを標的とした潜在的な治療戦略を示唆しています.
関連する概念動画
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.4K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K
Stringent Response in E. coli
43
Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
43
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
147
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
147
Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis
2.1K
Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
2.1K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
1.2K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
1.2K
Endospores and Sporulation
290
Endospores are specialized, dormant cells primarily formed by Gram-positive bacteria, including Bacillus and Clostridium, enabling survival under extreme environmental conditions. Due to their unique composition and formation process, these structures are highly resistant to physical and chemical insults, such as extreme heat, ultraviolet and ionizing radiation, desiccation, and toxic chemicals. Rare instances of endospore-like structures have also been observed in some Gram-negative bacteria,...
290


