セロトナージック・アクソン・シリウム・シナプスは,クロマチンのアクセシビリティを変化させる核信号を駆動する
Shu-Hsien Sheu1, Srigokul Upadhyayula2, Vincent Dupuy3
1Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pathology, Boston, MA, USA; Howard Huges Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Boston, MA, USA.
Cell
|September 2, 2022
まとめ
研究者らは,軸索が放出するセロトニンが神経細胞のプライマリシリアに直接影響する新しい軸索シリアシナプスを発見しました. この経路はクロマチンのアクセシビリティを調節することで遺伝子発現を変化させ,神経細胞の伝達と表遺伝的調節に関する新しい洞察を提供します.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 細胞生物学
- エピジェネティクス
背景:
- ニューロンのコミュニケーションは,伝統的に,軸索とデンドライトの間の化学シナプスで起こります.
- プライマリーシリアは 細胞信号伝達を含む 感覚受容を超えた役割で 認知されています
- 成熟したニューロンのプライマリシリアの正確な機能とシナプス接続は,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 主要なシリアを含む新しいシナプス接続を特定し,特徴づけること.
- これらの状シナプスのセロトニンシグナル伝達の機能的役割を調査する.
- 神経機能と表遺伝子状態に作用するアクソシリアス信号伝達の下流の分子機構を解明する.
主な方法:
- 超構造分析のための強化された焦点離子ビームスキャニング電子顕微鏡 (FIB-SEM).
- シリアを標的とするセロトニンセンサーの開発と使用.
- オプトジェネティックとケミオジェネティックで セロトナージックアクソンを刺激する
- Gタンパク質の活性化と下流信号伝達経路の評価のための生化学的測定
- ヒストンのアセチル化とクロマチンアクセシビリティの分析
主要な成果:
- ヒポキャンパスのCA1ピラミッドニューロンのセロトナージックアクソンとプライマリシリアの間のアクソシリアスシナプスの発見.
- これらのシリア内でのセロトニン受容体5 - ヒドロキシトリプタミン受容体6 (5- HTR6) の特定.
- 5-HTR6を活性化させ,シリアにセロトニンの放出を示す.
- 非正規のGαq/11-RhoA経路の活性化により,核アクチンの調節,ヒストンのアセチル化,およびクロマチンのアクセシビリティが増加する.
- この経路の消去が ニューロンのクロマチンのアクセシビリティを低下させる証拠です
結論:
- アクソシリアスシナプスはニューロンの新しいコミュニケーション方式であり,アクソナルの入力とプライマリシリアを直接リンクします.
- セロトニンのシグナル伝達は,後シナプスニューロンの表遺伝的状態を迅速に変化させるメカニズムを提供します.
- この経路は伝統的なシナプス伝達を回避し,遺伝子発現とクロマチンのダイナミクスに直接影響を及ぼし,神経機能に影響を与えます.
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