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Adherens Junctions

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

Tension Response at Adherens Junctions

The adherens junctions that anchor cells together are multi-protein complexes that dynamically adapt to mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces and shear stress. Mechanosensory proteins in these junctions can sense such mechanical stimuli and undergo a shift in their conformation, resulting in an altered function — a process called mechanotransduction.
α-Catenin as a Mechanosensory Protein
The α-catenin of adherens junctions is an allosteric protein with three VH (vinculin...

Adhesion

Adhesion

Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow...

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Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Biomimetic Materials to Characterize Bacteria-host Interactions

Biomimetic Materials to Characterize Bacteria-host Interactions

Published on: November 16, 2015

バクテリアの結合複合体の機械的安定化

Wenmao Huang^1,2, Shimin Le^1,3, Yuze Sun²

¹Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|September 7, 2022

まとめ

この要約は機械生成です。

SdrG-Fgβ複合体のキャッチ・ボンド運動により,バクテリアの粘着力が強くなっている. この機械的安定化により細菌の病原化と適応が促進されます

さらに関連する動画

Introducing Shear Stress in the Study of Bacterial Adhesion

Introducing Shear Stress in the Study of Bacterial Adhesion

Published on: September 2, 2011

Engineering Adherent Bacteria by Creating a Single Synthetic Curli Operon

Engineering Adherent Bacteria by Creating a Single Synthetic Curli Operon

Published on: November 16, 2012

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Aug 29, 2025

Biomimetic Materials to Characterize Bacteria-host Interactions

Biomimetic Materials to Characterize Bacteria-host Interactions

Published on: November 16, 2015

Introducing Shear Stress in the Study of Bacterial Adhesion

Introducing Shear Stress in the Study of Bacterial Adhesion

Published on: September 2, 2011

Engineering Adherent Bacteria by Creating a Single Synthetic Curli Operon

Engineering Adherent Bacteria by Creating a Single Synthetic Curli Operon

Published on: November 16, 2012

科学分野:

微生物学
バイオ物理学
生物化学

背景:

グラム陽性細菌は結合複合体を利用して宿主組織に結合する.
これらの粘着に対する牽引力は変化し,結合強度に影響を与えます.
以前の研究では,生理学的に重要な力における粘着力学を調査する技術が欠けていました.

研究の目的:

SD-リピートタンパク質G (SdrG) とフィブリノゲンβ (Fgβ) 結合複合体のキャッチ・ボンド運動を調査する.
ピコニュートン力によるバクテリア粘着の機械的性質を決定する.
細菌の粘着と病原性における機械力の役割を理解する.

主な方法:

超安定磁気ピンチベースの単一分子アプローチを使用しました.
SdrG-Fgβ複合体の寿命は,ピコニュートンから37°CでpNの数十度までの力の下で測定された.
結合複合体の解離経路を分析した

主要な成果:

SdrG-Fgβ複合体の寿命は力によって指数関数的に増加し,30pNで1000sに達した.
バクテリアの粘着の機械的安定化が示された.
SdrG"ラッチ"ストランドの解き放たれを決定的な解離ステップとして特定した.
同類の細菌結合で同様のキャッチ・ボンド運動を観察した.

結論:

バクテリアの粘着はキャッチ・ボンド運動を示し,力による機械的安定化につながります.
この力に依存した強化はバクテリアの粘着性を強化し,病原性には極めて重要です.
この発見は細菌の適応と宿主植民の一般的なメカニズムを示唆しています