ILC3は,腸内での耐性を確立するために,微生物群特異的な調節性T細胞を選択する

Mengze Lyu^1,2,3, Hiroaki Suzuki^1,2,3,4, Lan Kang^1,2,3

¹Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.

Nature

|September 7, 2022

まとめ

生まれながらのリンパ性細胞 (ILC) は,腸内微生物に対するT細胞の反応を制御する. 炎症を予防し,腸の健康を維持する.

科学分野:

免疫学
微生物群の研究
細胞生物学

背景:

腸内微生物群に対する免疫反応は健康にとって重要ですが十分に理解されていません
腸内微生物に対する異常な免疫は様々な病気に関連しています.
炎症性対耐性T細胞反応を制御するメカニズムは不明である.

研究の目的:

腸内微生物群に対する炎症性対耐性T細胞反応を制御する経路を定義する.
RORγt+免疫細胞が腸内免疫ホメオスタシスに果たす役割を調査する.
免疫細胞が共生微生物群に対する耐性を促進するメカニズムを探求する.

主な方法:

マウスの腸排水リンパ節におけるRORγt+免疫細胞の単細胞プロファイリング
リンパ性組織誘導体のようなグループ3の先天性リンパ性細胞 (ILC3) の特徴
ILC3- T細胞の相互作用とその免疫耐性における役割の分析

主要な成果:

RORγt+ T調節細胞とILC3sは腸に同位する.
ILC3は抗原を提示し,RORγt+ T調節細胞を活性化させ,同時にTヘルパー17細胞を抑制する.
炎症性腸疾患のモデルで観察されたILC3- Treg細胞相互作用の障害

結論:

ILC3は,許容性RORγt+ T調節細胞の選択において重要な役割を果たします.
ILC3は腸の微生物群に対する免疫耐性を確立し,腸の健康に不可欠です.
機能不全のILC3- Treg細胞の相互作用は,炎症性腸疾患の病原化に寄与する可能性があります.

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