アイスランドのファグラダルスフィヤル火山の深いマグマ源の急速な移動
Sæmundur A Halldórsson1, Edward W Marshall2, Alberto Caracciolo2
1Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland. saemiah@hi.is.
Nature
|September 14, 2022
まとめ
2021年のファグラダルスフィアルの噴火は,アイスランドでの急速なマグマ混合を明らかにした.
科学分野:
- 地化学
- ペトロロジー
- 火山学
背景:
- アイスランドの裂け目が地殻のマグマ貯蔵庫と横の輸送を強調しています.
- 浅い地殻のマグマ処理は,マントルの起源と進化のサインを隠すことができます.
研究 の 目的:
- 最上層のマントルと 最下層の地殻における マグマの過程を調査する
- 2021年のファグラダルスフィヤル噴火を,統合された石油学および地化学的方法を使用して分析する.
主な方法:
- 50日間のバサルトの地化学分析
- 関連する火山ガス排出量の分析
- 石油学と地化学を統合した研究
主要な成果:
- 噴火した溶岩は,モホロビッチの不連続性 (Moho) 近くにあるマグマ貯蔵地帯から直接採取された.
- 地化学的なプロキシは,前代未聞の急速な変化を示し, 3週間以内に浅いから深いマントルのマグマ源へのシフトを示しました.
- 証拠は,大規模な (10^7-10^8 m^3) モホの溶融レンズ近くでマグマの混合を示唆しています.
結論:
- マグマシステムのダイナミクスをほぼリアルタイムで記録しています.
- マントルのシグナルが 浅いマグマ処理によって フィルタリングされていることがわかります
- ベースルティックマグマシステムの時間スケールと動作モードの洞察を得ました.
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