Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

50.9K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
50.9K
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

12.8K
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
12.8K
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

10.1K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
10.1K
Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

7.1K
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
7.1K
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

17.8K
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
17.8K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

9.9K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
9.9K

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

RNASET2 degrades mRNAs that protect against lipotoxicity.

Molecular metabolism·2026
Same author

Pervasive enhanced transcription in inflammatory breast cancer tumors and PBMCs impacts RNA splicing and intronic RNAs in plasma.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Real-Time Visualization of G2L4 Reverse Transcriptase in DNA Repair via Microhomology-Mediated End Joining.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

A bacterial PrimPol-reverse transcriptase hybrid protein has a proofreading exonuclease activity that can be transferred to other reverse transcriptases.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

High-throughput assay confirmation of a T-cell receptor pre-mRNA fragment as a blood-based inflammatory breast cancer biomarker.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025
Same author

Structural basis for the evolution of a domesticated group II intron-like reverse transcriptase to function in host cell DNA repair.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

関連する実験動画

Updated: Aug 28, 2025

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

10.3K

グループII 双鎖断裂修復におけるイントロン型逆転写酵素の機能

Seung Kuk Park1, Georg Mohr1, Jun Yao1

  • 1Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Oncology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

Cell
|September 16, 2022
PubMed
まとめ

バクテリアには,DNA修復の機能を持つ逆転写酵素 (RTs) がある. これらの酵素は,マイクロホモロジー媒介の末端結合 (MMEJ) を通して,転移DNA合成と二重鎖破裂修復 (DSBR) を行います.

キーワード:
アルト・EJDNA修復ポリメラーゼ代替末端結合高通量シーケンシング昆虫R2要素非レトロウイルス逆転写酵素ターゲートロン熱安定性 II グループ イントロン リバース トランスクリプトーゼ

さらに関連する動画

Analysis of DNA Double-strand Break DSB Repair in Mammalian Cells
13:10

Analysis of DNA Double-strand Break DSB Repair in Mammalian Cells

Published on: September 8, 2010

31.9K
Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.2K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Aug 28, 2025

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
07:55

Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

Published on: June 26, 2020

10.3K
Analysis of DNA Double-strand Break DSB Repair in Mammalian Cells
13:10

Analysis of DNA Double-strand Break DSB Repair in Mammalian Cells

Published on: September 8, 2010

31.9K
Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
08:31

Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.2K

科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • 生物化学

背景:

  • バクテリアは,構造的にIIグループイントロンRTに関連した逆転写酵素 (RTs) をコードし,その機能はほとんど不明である.
  • グループIIのイントロンRTは,RNAのスプライシングとレトロホーミングに関与する移動性遺伝要素として知られています.

研究 の 目的:

  • Pseudomonas aeruginosaのグループII型RT (G2L4RT) の機能を調査する.
  • 細菌のRTがDNA修復経路,特に転移DNA合成と二重鎖破裂修復 (DSBR) で機能できるかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

  • G2L4 RTの生化学的特徴
  • エシェリキア・コロイにおけるG2L4 RTの発現
  • アクティブサイト残留を分析するためのサイト指向型変異 (YIDD vs. YADD).
  • 人間のDNA修復ポリメラーゼテータと他の非LTRレトロエレメントRTとの比較分析

主要な成果:

  • YIDDの活性部位を持つG2L4 RTは,本来の宿主およびE. coliでDNA修復活動を表しています.
  • G2L4 RTは,マイクロホモロジー媒介末端結合 (MMEJ) によるトランスレションDNA合成とDSBRを実行します.
  • その生化学的活動はヒトのDNA修復ポリメラーゼテータに似ています.
  • 相互の活性部位置換は,グループIIのイントロンRTとG2L4RTの両方で,イソレウシンがMMEJを好み,アラニンはプライマー拡張を好むことを明らかにした.

結論:

  • バクテリアII群のイントロンのようなRTは,DSBRを含む固有のDNA修復能力を有する.
  • これらの機能は,ユカリオットの非LTRレトロエレメントRTと共有された保存された構造特性に依拠しています.
  • バクテリアのRTは,様々な生物でDSBRに保存された役割を果たす可能性があります.