LRRC15+ミオフィブロブラストは,腫瘍免疫を抑制するストロマのセットポイントを決定する
Akshay T Krishnamurty1, Justin A Shyer1, Minh Thai1
1Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nature
|September 28, 2022
まとめ
トランスフォーマーがん治療:TGFβの抑制により,レウシンに富んだリピート含有タンパク質15 (LRRC15) + がん関連フィブロブラストを標的にすることで,抗腫瘍免疫性が強化され,免疫療法の反応が改善される可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 免疫学
- 細胞生物学
背景:
- 単細胞の研究では,ヒトとマウスのがんにおいて,レウシンに富んだ繰り返し含有タンパク質15 (LRRC15) + ミオフィブロブラストが検出されました.
- LRRC15+ がん関連フィブロブラスト (CAF) の分子誘発因子と免疫への影響はほとんど不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 臓がんにおけるLRRC15+CAFのインビボ発育と機能を研究する.
- 抗腫瘍免疫と免疫チェックポイントの阻害に対する応答におけるLRRC15+CAFの役割を決定する.
主な方法:
- 臓がんのマウスモデルを使用しました
- 2型TGFβ受容体の信号伝達がLRRC15+ミオフィブロブラストの発達に決定的であることを確認するために,遺伝的証拠を用いた.
- 選択的なCAF枯渇のためにLrrc15-diphtheria毒素受容体ノックインマウスを開発した.
主要な成果:
- TGFβ受容体の2型シグナリングは,皮膚ポントン+線維細胞でLRRC15+CAFの発生を誘発する.
- LRRC15+CAFの選択的減少により,腫瘍線維芽細胞の含有量が減少し,ユニバーサル線維芽細胞の組成が変化した.
- CAFの減少はCD8+ T細胞エフェクタ機能を強化し,PDL1抗治療で腫瘍の回帰を増加させた.
結論:
- TGFβに依存するLRRC15+CAFは,CD8+T細胞を抑制し,免疫療法の有効性を制限することで腫瘍の成長を促します.
- LRRC15+ミオフィブロブラストをターゲットにすることで,ホメオスタティックなフィブロブラストの集団を回復し,がん患者のアウトカムと免疫療法の反応を改善する潜在的な戦略を提供します.
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