農地におけるの使用の世界的傾向と持続可能性の課題
T Zou1, X Zhang2, E A Davidson1
1Appalachian Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Frostburg, MD, USA.
Nature
|October 12, 2022
まとめ
農作物のリン使用効率 (PUE) の改善は,食料安全保障と環境の持続可能性にとって極めて重要です. 全世界のPUEは68%から81%に達し,進展が見られるが,課題は国によって異なる.
科学分野:
- 農業科学
- 環境科学
- 栄養素管理
背景:
- 世界的に食糧需要が増えるため 農作物の生産が強化される必要がある.
- (P) 汚染の悪化とP岩の埋蔵量の減少は大きな課題となっています.
- 過去のP使用効率 (PUE) の軌跡とその推進要因の理解が限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 各国と作物の種類による1961年から2019年までのP予算とPUEの包括的なデータベースを構築する.
- 国内PUEに影響を与える社会経済的および農業的要因を分析する.
- 進捗状況を評価し,農地におけるP管理を改善するための国別課題と機会を特定する.
主な方法:
- 農作物のP予算とPUE (1961-2019) に関する国家規模のデータベースの作成
- 経済発展と作物ポートフォリオを含むPUEの要因を特定するための統計分析
- 異なる国のPマネジメントの課題と機会の比較分析
主要な成果:
- 持続可能な将来の需要を満たすために,作物生産における世界的なPUEは68%から81%まで増加する必要があります.
- 最近の動向は,世界的にPUEの改善に向けた有意義な進展を示しています.
- P管理の課題と機会は国によって大きく異なります.
結論:
- PUEの改善は持続可能な農業に不可欠であり,食糧生産と環境保護のバランスをとります.
- 経済発展と作物の多様化は,PUEに影響を与える主要な要因です.
- 農耕地の様々な管理課題に対処し,農耕地の機会を活用するために,適した国家戦略が必要である.
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