腸内神経受容体は,腸内微生物群を調節し,組織を保護する

Wen Zhang¹, Mengze Lyu¹, Nicholas J Bessman¹

¹Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Cell

|October 14, 2022

まとめ

痛みを感知するニューロン (ノシセプター) は腸の健康維持に不可欠ですこれらのニューロンを破壊すると炎症が悪化し腸内細菌が変化し炎症性腸疾患におけるその役割が明らかになります

科学分野:

神経科学
胃腸内科
微生物学

背景:

痛覚性痛は炎症性腸疾患 (IBD) でよく見られるが,痛みを感知する神経細胞が腸内炎症に果たす役割は不明である.
この相互作用を理解することは新しいIBD治療法の開発に不可欠です

研究の目的:

痛みを感知するニューロン (ノシセプター) が腸の炎症と修復に及ぼす影響を調査する.
腸内微生物と腸内ホメオスタシスの関係を調べる

主な方法:

腸炎のマウスモデルにおけるTRPV1+ノシセプターの化学的静止,アデノウイルス静止,および薬学的アブレーション.
腸内微生物の構成と機能の分析
組織損傷と修復マーカーの評価
物質P濃度の測定
IBD患者のバイオプシーの検査

主要な成果:

腸の炎症を悪化させ組織修復を阻害した
腸内微生物群が変化し伝染性の障害が生じました
グラム+クロストリジウム spp. モノコロニゼーションは,ノシセプターに依存する経路を通じて組織保護を促進しました.
物質Pの濃度が低下し,物質Pの放出により組織保護が強化された.
IBDの患者はノシセプター遺伝子発現の異常を示した.

結論:

ノシセプターは腸の炎症と修復に重要な役割を果たします
ノシセプション,腸内微生物群,腸内ホメオスタシスとの間に機能的なリンクが存在する.
ノシセプターとその経路をターゲットにすることで,IBDの治療戦略を提供することができます.

キーワード:

IBD について TRPV1 ((+) ノシセプター腸の損傷と炎症腸内微生物群ニューロンと微生物の交響物質 P 組織保護

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