ボルグは巨大で 代謝能力が広がる
Basem Al-Shayeb1,2, Marie C Schoelmerich1, Jacob West-Roberts3
1Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Nature
|October 19, 2022
まとめ
研究者らはメタン酸化環境で "ボーグ"と呼ばれる 大規模な新しいDNA配列を発見しました これらの元素は,古生物に新しい遺伝子を提供することで,温室効果ガス排出に影響を与える可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- ゲノミクス
- 環境科学
背景:
- アネロビックメタンの酸化は温室効果ガスの排出を規制する上で極めて重要です.
- メタンの酸化に責任を負う微生物に影響を与える要因は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 様々な生態系におけるメタンの生成と酸化に関与する微生物の遺伝子組成を調べる.
- これらの環境で発見された新しいDNA配列を特徴づけるため
主な方法:
- 地下水,堆積物,湿地の土壌からのDNAの配列と分析.
- 遺伝子解析と遺伝子配列の比較
- 大きな染色体外DNA要素の識別と特徴付け
主要な成果:
- 主に仮説的なタンパク質をコードする 異常に大きく多様な DNA 配列の発見
- ボルグの4つの完全な線形ゲノムが 配列化され 独特のゲノム組織とタンデム繰り返しを明らかにしました
- ボルグは,メタン酸化メタノペレデンスアーカイアからの遺伝子同化の証拠を持つ,非常に異なった古代の染色体外要素であるようです.
- 少なくとも19の異なるボルグタイプがメタノペレデンス種と共存していることが判明した. 4つの生態系に存在しています
- ボルグはメタノペレデンスのアーカイアに レドックス反応とエネルギー保存のための遺伝子を供給する.
結論:
- ボルグは進化の歴史を持つ 古代の染色体外元素の新種を 代表しています
- これらの元素は,メタン酸化アーカイアの代謝において,以前は認識されていない重要な役割を果たす可能性があります.
- ボルグと宿主アーケアの相互作用は,温室効果ガス排出量の理解と調節に影響を及ぼす可能性があります.
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