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ケノゾーイクにおける哺乳類の弱まった進化
Anjali Goswami1,2, Eve Noirault1, Ellen J Coombs1,2,3
1Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.
まとめ
哺乳類の進化率はケノゾイク初期にピークに達し 革新の爆発とともに 徐々に減少した. クジラやゾウのような 特定の特徴や種は 進化速度が速いのです
科学分野:
- 古生物学
- 進化生物学
- 比較解剖学
背景:
- 胎盤哺乳類のケノゾイク多様化は適応放射線の重要な例である.
- この放射線のタイミング,テンポ,原動力については議論が続いているが,分子データと化石データには相違がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 3Dの頭蓋骨データセットを使って 胎盤哺乳類の進化率とパターンを分析する
- 特徴,種,多様化率との関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- 生存する哺乳類と絶滅した哺乳類を含む3次元頭蓋骨のデータセットの分析.
- 進化の速度とその時間的傾向の定量化
主要な成果:
- 進化の速度はケノゾイク初期に最も高く,その後は減少した.
- 急速なイノベーションの時期はありましたが,その幅は時間とともに減少しました.
- 社会的,幼稚,水生,草食性哺乳類 (例えば,クジラ,ゾウ) はより速い進化率を示した.
- ネズミとコウモリは減速を示し,分類学と形態学的多様性の分離を示唆しています.
- 早期の胎盤哺乳類のスーパーオーダーの形状は非常に似ていて,正確な識別が困難でした.
結論:
- 哺乳類の進化のテンポは 早期のピークに続いて 長期の衰退が特徴です
- 特定の生態学と生命の歴史の特徴は,加速した進化と関連しています.
- 胎盤哺乳類の初期の進化史は,完全に解明することが困難である.
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