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蚊に惹かれるのはなぜか?
Jiawei Zhao1, Josefina Del Mármol1
1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Cell
|October 28, 2022
まとめ
蚊は匂いによって人を噛み病を伝達します 新しい研究によると 皮膚の匂いであるカルボキシル酸の 濃度が高くなると 蚊の標的になりやすい人もいます
科学分野:
- 昆虫学
- 人間と病原体の相互作用
- 化学エコロジー
背景:
- マラリアやジカウイルスなど 致死性の病気を 蚊が噛み寄せるからです
- 蚊の宿主探し行動は 主に嗅覚の信号によって引き起こされ 人間の匂いが重要な役割を果たします
- 蚊の噛む好みの個別の違いは 人間の嗅覚信号の根本的な違いを示唆しています
研究 の 目的:
- 蚊が人間に惹かれる 化学的根拠を調べるため
- 蚊の噛み付く行動に影響を与える 皮膚の匂いの特定の揮発性化合物を 特定するためです
主な方法:
- 人間の皮膚からの揮発性化合物のガス染色体質譜 (GC-MS) 分析
- 異なる匂いのプロファイルに曝された蚊 (例えば,Aedes aegypti) を用いたオルファクトメーターベースの行動分析.
- 特定の皮膚臭い化合物の濃度と蚊の引き寄せの相関分析
主要な成果:
- ヒトの皮膚の匂いの組成は 個々人に大きく異なっています
- 皮膚の匂いにおける特定のカルボキシル酸 (例えば,ノナノ酸,オクタノ酸) の濃度が高いことは,蚊の引き寄せの増大と強く関連していた.
- 蚊はこれらの炭酸の濃度が高い匂いのサンプルを好むことが明らかになった.
結論:
- ヒトの皮膚の匂いの炭酸は 蚊が噛む好みを決定する 重要な要素です
- これらの嗅覚信号を理解することで 蚊の制御と病気の予防のための 新しい戦略の開発に役立つでしょう
- 特定の揮発性有機化合物をターゲットにすることで 蚊を駆逐したり 人間の魅力を隠したりできます
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