初期の血管系植物におけるキセラネットワークの進化の主な原動力としての水力障害
Martin Bouda1, Brett A Huggett2, Kyra A Prats3,4
1Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czechia.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 10, 2022
まとめ
植物のキセラム鎖の複雑性は 乾燥耐性を高めるために進化した. より複雑なジレムの形状は血栓の広がりを制限し,水力障害のリスクを軽減し,進化パターンを説明します.
科学分野:
- 植物生物学
- 進化生物学
- 古植物学
背景:
- 血管系植物は シンプルな円筒状のキセム糸から 複雑な形状へと進化した.
- この多様化は,工場の規模と枝分かれの増大と結びついています.
- 以前に,キセム鎖の複雑性に関する特定の選択圧力は特定されなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- 植物の干ばつ耐性におけるキセム鎖の複雑性の役割を調査する.
- 干ばつ選択圧力がクジラの形状の進化を説明できるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- サイレムネットワークの増量変化をシミュレートした.
- これらの変化が水力障害のリスクと血栓の広がりに与える影響を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 円筒状のキセラムの形から逸脱すると 干ばつ耐性が徐々に増加します
- ジレムの複雑性が増加すると,独立した栓塞の伝播経路の数が減少した.
- 中枢管道でより局所化し より複雑になった.
結論:
- 干ばつによる選択は 複雑なキセラム鎖の形状の進化の要因である可能性が高い.
- 干ばつ中の植物の生存に直接影響する.
- これは,化石と現存する植物におけるキセラムの形態の多様性について,機能的な説明を提供する.
さらに関連する動画
10:47Xylem Water Distribution in Woody Plants Visualized with a Cryo-scanning Electron Microscope
Published on: June 20, 2019
8.8K
12:11Measurement of Leaf Hydraulic Conductance and Stomatal Conductance and Their Responses to Irradiance and Dehydration Using the Evaporative Flux Method EFM
Published on: December 31, 2012
37.7K
関連する概念動画
02:03Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources
24.3K
The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
24.3K
03:24Seedless Vascular Plants
60.9K
Seedless Vascular Plants Were the First Tall Plants on Earth
60.9K
02:41Responses to Drought and Flooding
10.8K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
10.8K
02:26Non-vascular Seedless Plants
65.1K
The diverse plant life on Earth—consisting of nearly 400,000 species—can be divided into three broad categories based on biological characteristics: nonvascular, seedless vascular, and seed plants.
65.1K
02:34Water and Mineral Acquisition
33.4K
Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
33.4K
00:53Tonicity in Plants
54.3K
Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water. It depends on the quantity of solute that does not penetrate the membrane. Tonicity delimits the magnitude and direction of osmosis and results in three possible scenarios that alter the volume of a cell: hypertonicity, hypotonicity, and isotonicity. Due to differences in structure and physiology, tonicity of plant cells is different from that of animal cells in some scenarios.
54.3K