大人における阻害性睡眠時無呼吸のスクリーニング:米国予防サービスタスクフォースの勧告声明
, Carol M Mangione1, Michael J Barry2
1University of California, Los Angeles.
JAMA
|November 15, 2022
まとめ
現在,成人の障害性睡眠無呼吸症 (OSA) のスクリーニングの利益と害を決定するには十分な証拠はありません. この一般的な状態の有効なスクリーニング戦略を確立するには,さらなる研究が必要です.
科学分野:
- 睡眠医学
- 予防的な健康
- 臨床ガイドライン
背景:
- 阻害性睡眠無呼吸 (OSA) は,成人人口の有意な部分に影響を与え,軽度のOSAでは男性で14%,女性で5%の罹患率と推定されています.
- 重度のOSAは,心血管疾患,2型糖尿病,認知障害を含む死亡率の増加と他の深刻な健康問題に関連しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 2017年の勧告を更新するために,米国予防サービスタスクフォース (USPSTF) は体系的なレビューを実施しました.
- このレビューは,成人におけるOSAのスクリーニングの利益と害を評価することを目的とした.
主な方法:
- USPSTFによって体系的なレビューが委託されました.
- このレビューは,症状のない個体と認識されていないOSAの個人を含む18歳以上の成人に焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- USPSTFは,OSAスクリーニングの有益性と有害性を一般の成人の集団で評価するのに十分な証拠が見つかりませんでした.
- 現在の証拠ベースは,阻害性睡眠無呼吸のスクリーニングを支持したり反論したりしません.
結論:
- USPSTFは,成人における阻害性睡眠無呼吸症のスクリーニングの利益と害のバランスを決定するのに十分な証拠がないと結論付けました.
- OSAのスクリーニングに関する勧告を基に,さらなる研究が必要である.
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