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マンキーポックス

Oriol Mitjà1, Dimie Ogoina2, Boghuma K Titanji3

  • 1Skin Neglected Tropical Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections section, Hospital Universitari Germans Trías i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Fight Infectious Diseases Foundation, Badalona, Spain; School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

Lancet (London, England)
|November 20, 2022
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

マンキーポックスは2022年に世界中に広がるウイルス性動物性感染症です. 診断にはオートポックスウイルスのDNA検出が含まれており 高いリスクのある個体にはテコビリマットやワクチンのような治療法があります

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Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1
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科学分野:

  • ウイルス学
  • 流行病学
  • 公衆衛生

背景:

  • マンキーポックスは,歴史的に西アフリカと中央アフリカに固有のオルトポックスウイルスによって引き起こされる動物性ウイルス疾患です.
  • 世界保健機関 (WHO) は2022年7月にモンキーポックスを,前例のない世界的な感染拡大により,国際的に懸念される公衆衛生緊急事態 (Public Health Emergency of International Concern) と発表した.
  • 2022年のアウトブレイクは,密接な親密な接触を通じて感染し,主に男性と性交する男性に感染し,異なる疫学的および臨床的特徴を示しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • マンキーポックスウイルス,その感染,臨床表現,診断,管理戦略の概要を説明する.
  • 2022年のの流行がもたらす世界的な公衆衛生上の影響を強調するためです.
  • マンキーポックスの現在の治療法と予防方法を議論します.

主な方法:

  • 2022年のモンキーポックスの発生に関する疫学的データと臨床的特徴のレビュー.
  • オートポックスウイルスDNAのPCR検出を含む診断方法の記述
  • 利用可能な治療介入と予防接種戦略の概要

主要な成果:

  • 2022年の流行は,7〜10日の潜伏期間があり,全身的な症状 (発熱,筋痛) と特徴的な発疹が段階的に進化する.
  • 合併症は患者の最大40%で発生し,医療介入が必要となる.
  • 診断はPCRによるオートポックスウイルスDNAの検出によって確認される.
  • 抗ウイルス治療 (例えば,テコビリマット) とワクチン接種 (例えば,改変されたワクチンアンカラ) は,重篤な症例と高リスクの個人に利用できます.

結論:

  • 以前は無視されていた病気として 世界的な連帯と注意が必要です
  • 早期診断と抗ウイルス薬やワクチンを含む適切な医療管理は,重篤な症例やリスクのある集団にとって極めて重要です.
  • 抗ウイルス治療とワクチンへのアクセスは,アフリカで流行している国々では依然として課題です.