人権とCOVID-19 パンデミック:過去と今後の分析
Lawrence O Gostin1, Eric A Friedman1, Sara Hossain2
1O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law, Georgetown University Law Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|November 20, 2022
まとめ
COVID-19 パンデミックは,広範囲にわたる人権侵害と健康上の不平等を明らかにした. 医療技術への平等なアクセスと人権を優先する 変革された世界保健システムは 将来のパンデミックへの備えに不可欠です
科学分野:
- 世界保健
- 人権法
- 公共衛生政策
背景:
- COVID-19 パンデミックは,情報の抑圧と健康への権利の侵害を含む,人権の義務を遵守する各州のシステム上の失敗を暴露した.
- パンデミックによって悪化した深刻な国内および世界的な不平等は,差別をなくし,すべての人にとって達成可能な最高水準の健康を実現するギャップを強調しています.
- 現存する世界的な保健構造は,パンデミックの人権面に対処し,公正な結果を保証するのに不十分であることが判明しました.
研究 の 目的:
- COVID-19 パンデミックに起因する人権侵害と健康不平等を分析する.
- パンデミックに関連した権利侵害に対する核心的な対応として,人権と公平性を組み込むような,変革されたグローバルな保健体系を提案する.
- 将来の健康緊急事態において,健康の平等と人権を確保するための国際協力,資金調達,法的メカニズムを強化することを提唱する.
主な方法:
- 人権のレンズを通して,COVID-19のパンデミックに対する州の反応の質的分析.
- 既存のグローバル・ヘルス・ガバナンス・フレームワークとその欠陥の検討
- グローバル・ヘルス・アーキテクチャと法的手段の改革のための政策分析と勧告
主要な成果:
- パンデミックの歴史は 表現の自由と健康への権利を 保護する政府の失敗によって特徴付けられています
- パンデミックの影響と資源へのアクセスの大きな格差は,非差別と国際協力の失敗を強調しています.
- 現在の世界的な保健システムは 根本的な変革を必要とし システム上の不平等と権利侵害に対処しなければなりません
結論:
- COVID-19の権利侵害に対処するために,人権と公平性を変革されたグローバルな医療体系に組み込むことは極めて重要です.
- 権利に基づく回復と医療技術の公平な分配のために,高所得国から低所得国への資金提供を増やす必要がある.
- パンデミック条約や市民社会の支援のための基金を含む新しい法的手段は,将来の健康上の緊急事態において,平等と人権を確保するために不可欠です.
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