塩沼の変化と炭素排出のグローバルホットスポット

Anthony D Campbell^1,2,3, Lola Fatoyinbo⁴, Liza Goldberg^4,5

¹Biospheric Sciences Laboratory, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA. anthony.d.campbell@nasa.gov.

Nature

|November 30, 2022

まとめ

世界の塩沼は719km2の純損失を経験し,炭素の蓄積と沿岸保護に影響を与えました. 海面上昇と嵐によって引き起こされるこの減少はこれらの重要な生態系の脆弱性を強調しています

科学分野:

エコロジー
環境科学
リモートセンシング

背景:

塩沼は重要な生態系であり,炭素吸収,沿岸保護,海面上昇への適応などのサービスを提供しています.
塩沼喪失の原因には,SLR,嵐,排水,マングローブの侵入がありますが,世界的な範囲の変化は不明です.

研究の目的:

ランドサット衛星画像を用いて2000年から2019年にかけての塩沼面積の変化をグローバルで体系的に分析する.
塩沼の損失,増量,回復を定量化し,青い炭素の貯蔵量への影響を推定する.

主な方法:

ランドサット衛星画像 (2000年−2019年) のグローバル変化分析
塩沼面積の変化 (損失,増量,回復) の定量化
炭素の吸収と排出に対する影響の見積もり

主要な成果:

2000年から2019年にかけて,世界の塩沼面積が719km2 (年間0.28%) 減少した.
純損失は年間16.3TgのCO2eの排出量と炭素埋葬量の減少につながった.
主にハリケーンや海岸浸食による損失の64%はロシアと米国に占められました.

結論:

塩沼の生態系は海面上昇や嵐などの気候変動の影響に脆弱です
大量の青色炭素が塩沼の劣化によって危険にさらされています
塩沼の損失とその環境への影響を軽減するために,緊急の保全と管理戦略が必要である.

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