グリーンランドの200万年前の生態系が 環境DNAによって発見されました
Kurt H Kjær1, Mikkel Winther Pedersen2, Bianca De Sanctis3,4
1Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. kurtk@sund.ku.dk.
Nature
|December 8, 2022
まとめ
古代環境DNA (eDNA) は,グリーンランドの2百万年前の多様な古代北極の生態系を明らかにしています. この研究は 独特の森林と動物のコミュニティを再構築し 過去の気候変動と進化の洞察を提供します
科学分野:
- 古気候学と古生物学
- 古代環境DNA (eDNA) 分析
背景:
- プリオセーン後期/プレイストセーン初期の北極は,将来の気候予測に似た極端な温暖化 (11~19°C以上) を経験した.
- この時期の生物コミュニティは 化石の証拠が少ないため ほとんど知られていません
研究 の 目的:
- 約200万年前の北グリーンランドの 植物と動物を復元する
- 重要な北極温暖化期間の生態環境と生物多様性を調査する.
主な方法:
- グリーンランドの北部のケープコペンハーゲン群の古代環境DNA (eDNA) の分析.
- DNAシーケンスを用いて植物や動物の種を特定する
主要な成果:
- 豊かな生態系 の 発見 ― その 中 に は,以前 に 発見 さ れ て い なかっ た 葉 の 樹木,バケツ の 樹木,ツヤ の 樹木,雑草 など が 含まれ て い ます.
- 古代のウサギ,マストドン,鹿,ネズミ,ガチョウ DNAの確認と のカニや緑藻のような海洋生物の確認です
- 復元された生態系には 北極と北極の種が混じり合っており 現代の同類はなく 今日より温暖な気候を示しています
結論:
- 古代のeDNAは 過去の生態系と生物多様性を理解するための強力なツールです 200万年前まで遡ります
- この発見は 過去の気候変動の時に存在した 独特で温暖に適応した北極の生態系を明らかにしています
- 古代のeDNAの生存は,鉱物表面への結合によって容易にされます.
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