遺伝子多様性は,タバコとアルコール使用の遺伝子発見を助長する
Gretchen R B Saunders1, Xingyan Wang2, Fang Chen2
1Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Nature
|December 8, 2022
まとめ
この研究では 3,400万人の遺伝データを分析し 喫煙とアルコール摂取との 遺伝的関連性を調べました 多様性の増加により 発見が改善されましたが 多遺伝子リスクスコアは 祖先の間で働くために 多様性のデータが必要です
科学分野:
- 遺伝学
- 行動科学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- タバコとアルコールの使用は 遺伝的な行動で 高い死亡率につながっています
- 過去の遺伝学の研究は主にヨーロッパ人の祖先に焦点を当てており,一般化を制限しています.
- これらの行動の遺伝的根拠を理解することは 公衆衛生の介入に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 多様な世界の祖先の間でタバコとアルコール使用に関連したゲノムロキーを特定する.
- トランスクリプトーム全体の関連研究を用いて,これらのロシウムの機能的影響を調査する.
- 多遺伝子リスクスコアの遺伝的構造と予測的有用性を,集団内および集団間で評価する.
主な方法:
- 世界の4つの主要な祖先 (21%は非ヨーロッパ人) の340万人の遺伝データを活用した.
- 発見と精密なマッピングのために全ゲノム関連研究 (GWAS) を採用した.
- 機能的推論のために,祖先を意識したトランスクリプトーム全体の関連研究 (TWAS) を実施した.
主要な成果:
- サンプルサイズと遺伝的多様性の増加により,関連するゲノムロキーの識別と精細なマッピングが強化されました.
- タバコとアルコールの使用に関する2,143の場所と3,823の関連変種を発見した.
- 多数の変異は祖先の間で一貫した効果サイズを示したが,多遺伝的リスクスコアは異なる祖先のグループで悪かった.
結論:
- 研究における遺伝的多様性の拡大は 薬物使用行動に関連した変異の発見を改善します
- 現在の多遺伝子リスクスコアは祖先に普遍的に適用できないため,より包括的な遺伝学的研究の必要性を強調しています.
- 薬物使用障害のポリジェニック予測から公平な利益を得るために,将来の研究では,多様なサンプルサイズを優先する必要があります.
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