呼吸率と海洋プロカリオプランクトンの豊富さの分離
Jacob H Munson-McGee1, Melody R Lindsay1, Eva Sintes2,3
1Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME, USA.
Nature
|December 8, 2022
まとめ
海の微生物
科学分野:
- 海の微生物生態学
- 生地化学のサイクル
- 海洋学
背景:
- 海洋と大気の二酸化炭素の交換は 海洋微生物の光合成と呼吸に依存しています
- プロカリオプランクトンの多様性は広大ですが 呼吸はしばしばブラックボックスとしてモデル化されています
- これは世界の炭素循環の理解を 制限しています
研究 の 目的:
- 細胞特異的な呼吸率を海洋生殖プランクトンで調べる
- 呼吸へのプロカリオプランクトン系統の貢献を理解する.
- プロカリオプランクトンのエネルギー獲得における光栄養の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- 単一の微生物細胞の統合されたフェノタイプ分析
- 個々の微生物細胞のゲノム解析
- プロテオロドプシントランスクリプトの定量化
主要な成果:
- 細胞特有の呼吸速度は プロカリオプランクトン属の1,000倍以上で変化した.
- ロゼバクテルのようなマイノリティー集団は 呼吸器系を支配していました
- ペラギバクターやSAR86のような流行の系統は,非常に低い呼吸率を示した.
- 証拠によると,プロテオロドプシンベースの光栄養は,いくつかの系統にとって重要なエネルギー源である.
結論:
- プロカリオプランクトンの呼吸は高度に変化し,一般的な系統にのみ依存しない.
- 元素プランクトンがエネルギー源として呼吸に頼るのは,これまで考えられていたより低いかもしれない.
- プロテオロドプシンベースの光栄養は,ある種の海洋細菌と古生物の成長効率を高める可能性が高い.
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