SARS-CoV-2 感染症と解剖時のヒト体と脳における持続性
Sydney R Stein1,2, Sabrina C Ramelli3, Alison Grazioli4
1Emerging Pathogens Section, Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nature
|December 14, 2022
まとめ
重症急性呼吸器症候群コロナウイルス2型 (SARS-CoV-2型) は,急性コロナウイルス病2019型 (COVID-19) の感染が治った後でも,脳を含む複数の臓器に感染し,数ヶ月間体内に存在します.
科学分野:
- 感染症
- ウイルス学
- 病理学について
背景:
- SARS-CoV-2によって引き起こされる新型コロナウイルス病 2019 (COVID-19) は,多臓器機能不全を引き起こす.
- システム負荷とウイルスのクリアランスの動態は,特に脳では,まだ十分に理解されていません.
- SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) の急性後遺症は,長期にわたるウイルスの存在を調査する必要性を強調しています.
研究 の 目的:
- SARS-CoV-2 の分布,複製,細胞型特異性をマッピングし,定量化する.
- 中枢神経系や他の臓器における ウイルスの存在を調査する
- 体内でのウイルスの持続期間を決定する.
主な方法:
- COVID-19で死亡した44人の患者の完全な解剖が行われました.
- 11人の患者で広範な中枢神経系サンプル採取が行われました.
- SARS-CoV-2の分布,複製,および持続性は複数の組織で分析されました.
主要な成果:
- SARS-CoV-2は,特に重症なCOVID-19症例では広く拡散していました.
- ウイルスの複製は,脳を含む呼吸器系および非呼吸器系組織で,感染初期に検出されました.
- 症状の発症後230日までの間,脳を含む複数の部位で持続的なSARS-CoV-2RNAが発見されました.
結論:
- SARS-CoV-2は,数ヶ月間持続する全身感染を確立することができます.
- ウイルスは急性感染後も 脳を含む全身に存在します
- 広範なRNA検出にもかかわらず,呼吸道外では限られた炎症またはウイルス病理学が観察されました.
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