生体細胞における基板選択性を持つ膜埋め込みマクロ分子触媒

Yingjiao Deng¹, Tong Wu¹, Xianhui Chen¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Chem-/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|December 16, 2022

まとめ

合成酵素ミミックは細胞内の基質選択性を示します. 研究者らは細胞膜に作用し,特定の分子の標的合成と輸送を可能にするカチオンの濃厚殻ナノ粒子 (DSNP) 触媒を開発した.

科学分野:

バイオミメティック化学
ナノテクノロジー
細胞触媒

背景:

酵素は,触媒の重要な特徴である基板選択性を示します.
アビオティックな変異のための同様の選択性を持つ合成酵素の模倣を開発することが主要な目標です.
これまでの合成ミミックは生物のシステム内で選択性が欠けていました

研究の目的:

酵素を模倣するマクロ分子触媒の *in cellulo* 基板選択性を報告する.
密層ナノ粒子 (DSNP) の構造-活性関係を調査する.
膜内合成と細胞内伝達のための膜埋め込み触媒 (MEC) としてDSNPの適用を実証する.

主な方法:

DSNPの構造-活動関係に関する体系的な研究.
充電密度,充電タイプ,粒子の大きさに基づいてDSNP膜親和性の評価.
MECとしてフォスフォニウムに富んだDSNPを用いた膜結合の実証.
リポフィルおよびアニオン分子に対する基板選択性の評価.

主要な成果:

DSNPは,充電特性とサイズによって影響を受け,優れた膜親和性を示す.
フォスフォニウムに富んだDSNPは,膜埋め込み触媒 (MEC) として効果的に機能する.
DSNP触媒は,膜結合中にリポフィルおよびアニオン基板に対する基板選択性を維持する.
低細胞浸透性アニオン分子が細胞膜で成功して合成され,真核細胞に輸送された.

結論:

カチオンのDSNPは,セルロース基板の選択性を持つ効果的な酵素模倣剤として設計することができます.
DSNPは膜内合成の効率的な触媒として機能する.
この戦略は,膜上の形成と輸送によって,挑戦的な分子の細胞内輸送を容易にする.

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