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関連する概念動画

Refrigerators and Heat Pumps01:07

Refrigerators and Heat Pumps

2.4K
Refrigerators or heat pumps are heat engines operating in a reverse direction. For a refrigerator, the focus is on removing heat from a specific area, whereas, for a heat pump, the focus is on dumping heat into one particular area. A refrigerator (or heat pump) absorbs heat Qc from the cold reservoir at Kelvin temperature Tc and discards heat Qh to the hot reservoir at Kelvin temperature Th, while work W is done on the engine’s working substance.
A household refrigerator removes heat from...
2.4K
The Carnot Cycle and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

The Carnot Cycle and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

2.8K
The Carnot engine works between two heat reservoirs of fixed temperatures. The Carnot cycle begs the following question: Is it possible to devise a heat engine that is more efficient than a Carnot engine between two fixed temperatures? The answer lies in designing a Carnot refrigerator.
Since the individual steps in a Carnot cycle can be reversed, the entire cycle is, thus, reversible. If a Carnot cycle is reversed, it becomes a Carnot refrigerator. It extracts heat Qc from a cold reservoir at...
2.8K
The Carnot Cycle01:30

The Carnot Cycle

3.1K
Converting work to heat is an irreversible process, and the purpose of a heat engine is to reverse the effect partially. Heat engines aim to increase the efficiency of the reversal, that is, maximize the work retrieved from heat. If the efficiency of a heat engine were 100%, it would imply reversing the process completely without introducing any other effect. Thus, it would violate the second law of thermodynamics.
What could be the theoretical limit to the efficiency of a heat engine? The...
3.1K
Efficiency of The Carnot Cycle01:16

Efficiency of The Carnot Cycle

2.7K
The hypothetical Carnot cycle consists of an ideal gas subjected to two isothermal and two adiabatic processes. Since the internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on its temperature, which is the same before and after the completion of the Carnot cycle, there is no change in its internal energy. Hence, using the first law of thermodynamics, the total heat exchanged by the ideal gas equals the total work done. Thus, we can quantify the efficiency of the Carnot cycle via the heat exchanged...
2.7K
Calorimetry01:19

Calorimetry

3.1K
When objects at different temperatures are placed in contact with each other but isolated from everything else, they attain thermal equilibrium. A container that prevents heat transfer in or out is called a calorimeter, and the use of a calorimeter to make measurements is called calorimetry. Generally, these measurements involve heat or specific heat capacity. The term "calorimetry problem" is used for any problem where the specified objects are thermally isolated from their...
3.1K
Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:15

Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

4.1K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated in several different ways, and all of them can be shown to imply the others. The Clausius’ statement of the second law of thermodynamics is based on the irreversibility of spontaneous heat flow. It states that heat will not flow from the colder body to the hotter body unless some other process is involved. Additionally, as per the Kelvin’s statement, it is impossible to convert the heat from a single source into work without any other...
4.1K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Experimental System of Solar Adsorption Refrigeration with Concentrated Collector
07:18

Experimental System of Solar Adsorption Refrigeration with Concentrated Collector

Published on: October 18, 2017

14.6K

イオンカロリー冷却サイクル

Drew Lilley1,2, Ravi Prasher1,2

  • 1Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 22, 2022
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

イオンカロリー冷却は 効率的で環境に優しい冷却の代替手段です この新しいアプローチは,低電圧で著しい温度変化を達成し,気候変動の緩和に有望な解決策を示しています.

さらに関連する動画

Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine
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Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine

Published on: March 13, 2017

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Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
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Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Aug 16, 2025

Experimental System of Solar Adsorption Refrigeration with Concentrated Collector
07:18

Experimental System of Solar Adsorption Refrigeration with Concentrated Collector

Published on: October 18, 2017

14.6K
Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine
08:16

Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine

Published on: March 13, 2017

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Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
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Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 熱力学について
  • 持続可能なエネルギー

背景:

  • 地球温暖化の可能性が低い効率的な冷却技術の開発は,気候変動の緩和に不可欠です.
  • 既存の熱冷却方法 (磁気,電熱) は,多くの場合,限られた性能のために高いフィールド強度を必要とします.
  • イオノカロリー効果は,凝縮相冷却のための有望な代替案です.

研究 の 目的:

  • カロリーベースの冷却技術としてイオノカロリー効果を調査する.
  • 理論的に,実験的に,他のカロリー効果に対して,そのパフォーマンスを評価する.
  • イオンカロリー効果を利用した実用的な冷却システムを実証する.

主な方法:

  • イオノカロリー効果の理論的計算と実験的検証を用いた.
  • システムの実証のためにイオノカロリー性スターリング冷却サイクルを実装した.
  • 測定されたアディアバティック温度変化,エントロピー変化,および性能係数.

主要な成果:

  • 低フィールド下での他のカロリー効果と比較して,単位質量/体積あたりのより高いアディアバティック温度とエントロピーの変化を達成した.
  • 実用的なイオノカロリー スターリング冷却サイクルを実証した.
  • カーノに比べて30%の性能係数が得られ,25°Cの温度上昇で0.22Vに達した.

結論:

  • イオンカロリー効果は有望で効率的な低フィールドカロリー冷却技術を提供します.
  • 開発されたイオノカロリー性スターリングサイクルは,冷却の実用性を示しています.
  • この技術は,気候変化の緩和に貢献する冷却アプリケーションの持続可能な代替手段です.