主要な運動皮質から生じる,層特有の疼痛緩和経路

Zheng Gan¹, Vijayan Gangadharan¹, Sheng Liu¹

¹Pharmacology Institute, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|December 22, 2022

まとめ

主要な運動皮質 (M1) は神経疾患の痛みを制御するために異なる経路を使用します. 一つの経路は痛みを軽減する

科学分野:

神経科学
痛みに関する研究
運動皮質の機能

背景:

主要な運動皮質 (M1) は,自発的な運動制御で知られています.
痛みの調節におけるM1の役割は確立されていますが,その特定の神経回路は不明です.
神経病的な痛みは感覚と感情の両方に関係しています

研究の目的:

神経病痛を調節するM1から生じる神経経路を明らかにする.
痛みの感覚的・感情的側面に M1 がどのように影響するかを理解するためです
痛みを和らげるためのM1回路内の潜在的な治療標的を特定する.

主な方法:

オプトジェネティックとケモジェネティック技術をネズミの神経疾患の痛みモデルで使った.
M1から特定の脳領域への神経投影を調査した. 中核アクンベンス,ゾーナ・インシルタ,そしてペリアクエドゥクトル・グレーを含む.
特定のM1ニューロン集団の活性化または抑制が痛みの行動と感覚処理に与える影響を評価した.

主要な成果:

脊髄のタラムスとアクンベンスの核に発射する6層の神経細胞を含む新しいM1経路を発見し,神経疾患の痛みにおける負の感情的バレンスを抑制します.
異なるM1経路が特定され 5層のニューロンが不確定領域と周水管の灰色に発射され痛みの影響を受けることなく感覚的過敏を軽減します
これらの層特有の経路が神経疾患の痛みの感覚と感情を異なる形で調節することを示した.

結論:

主要な運動皮質は異なる層に特化した回路を用いて独立して神経疾患の痛みの感覚的,感情的側面を制御します
M1 層の6 - 背中タラムス- ヌクレウス・アクンベンスの経路をターゲットにすることで,痛みに関連した感情的苦痛を軽減することができます.
M1層5-ゾナ・インシルター=ペリアクエドゥクタルのグレー経路をターゲットにすることで,痛みの過敏を軽減することができます.
これらの発見は,特定のM1回路を調節することによって,標的型疼痛緩和介入を開発するための新しい戦略を提供します.

さらに関連する動画

09:03

Optimizing Photoneuromodulation Techniques to Evaluate the Role of Green Light-Emitting Diodes in Pain Management

Published on: March 28, 2025

575

07:12

Chronic Post-Ischemia Pain Model for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type-I in Rats

Published on: January 21, 2020

7.8K

関連する概念動画

01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

4.8K

Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...

4.8K

01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

1.1K

Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...

1.1K

01:11

Direct Motor Pathways

2.2K

The direct motor pathways, also known as the pyramidal tracts, are a group of neural pathways that originate in the brain and descend through the spinal cord. They control the voluntary movement of the body. There are two major direct motor pathways: the corticospinal and the corticobulbar tracts.
The corticospinal tract is responsible for the voluntary movement of the limbs and trunk. It originates in the cerebral cortex of the brain and descends through the cerebrum's internal capsule and...

2.2K

01:20

Pain

557

Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...

557

01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

4.2K

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....

4.2K

01:44

Nociception

28.3K

Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.