関連する実験動画
Updated: Aug 15, 2025
07:53
Using Adhesive Patterning to Construct 3D Paper Microfluidic Devices
Published on: April 1, 2016
7.7K
紙と特許は 時間が経つにつれ 破壊的になりがちです
Michael Park1, Erin Leahey2, Russell J Funk3
1Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Nature
|January 4, 2023
まとめ
科学と技術の進歩は減少し 新しいアイデアを紹介する論文や特許が減っています 革新性の低下は既存の知識の利用が狭くなり 革新の根本的な変化を示唆しています
科学分野:
- 科学技術変化のダイナミクスを研究する.
- 複数の分野における研究とイノベーションの動向を分析する.
背景:
- 伝統的な理論は 蓄積された知識が 科学と技術の進歩を促す と主張しています
- 科学的成果の指数関数的な成長は,大きな進歩のための条件を提示します.
- しかし,いくつかの主要な分野での進歩が遅れていることが示されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 科学と技術の進歩が遅れているという主張を分析する.
- 60年にわたる科学論文と特許の 破壊力を定量化するためです
- 観察されたイノベーションの傾向に寄与する要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 4500万件の論文と3900万件の特許を 6つの大きなデータセットで利用しました
- 引用ネットワークの変化を評価するために新しい定量指標であるCD指数を使用しました.
- 複数の引用とテキストベースのメトリクスを用いて検証した結果
主要な成果:
- 論文や特許は 既存の知識から 逸脱する傾向が少なくなっています
- 破壊力の減少は あらゆる分野で見られる普遍的なパターンです
- この傾向は,科学的技術的知識の利用の狭まりと相関しています.
結論:
- 科学技術進歩の性質の根本的な変化を 示すかもしれません
- 観測された減少は,出版物品質,引用慣行,または分野特有の問題の変化による可能性は低い.
- より狭い知識基盤を強調することで",巨人の肩"の概念と遅い進歩を調和させる.
関連する概念動画
01:29Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
5.7K
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
5.7K
01:26Methods of Documentation II: POMR
1.0K
The Problem-Oriented Medical Record (POMR) revolutionized medical record-keeping by introducing a systematic approach focusing on the patient's problems rather than merely listing symptoms. Dr. Lawrence Weed's introduction of this method in the 1960s marked a significant advancement in medical documentation. The POMR framework consists of four key components: the database, problem list, plan of care, and progress notes.
1.0K
01:21Methods of Documentation III: PIE
1.4K
Problem-intervention-evaluation (PIE) is a systematic approach to documentation used in healthcare settings for clinical decision-making and patient care planning. It is a structured approach to organizing patient data based on problems, interventions, and evaluations. Here's a breakdown of its key features and considerations:
1.4K
01:16Interference and Decay
186
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
186
01:28Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters
177
Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
177
01:04Pascal's Law
8.7K
In 1653, the French philosopher and scientist Blaise Pascal published "Treatise on the Equilibrium of Liquids," which discussed the principles of static fluids. A static fluid is a fluid that is not in motion. When a fluid is not flowing, we say that the fluid is in static equilibrium. If the fluid is water, we say it is in hydrostatic equilibrium. For a fluid in static equilibrium, the net force on any part of the fluid must be zero; otherwise, the fluid will start to flow. Pascal...
8.7K