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関連する概念動画

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

15.7K
Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
15.7K
Transcription in Prokaryotes01:28

Transcription in Prokaryotes

163
Transcription is a highly regulated process that converts genetic information into RNA molecules. The transcription cycle is divided into three key stages: initiation, elongation, and termination, each driven by specific molecular mechanisms.Initiation of TranscriptionIn bacteria, transcription begins when the RNA polymerase core enzyme associates with a sigma factor to form a holoenzyme. For example, the E. coli sigma factor called σ70 forms a holoenzyme, which recognizes the -10 (Pribnow...
163
Bacterial Transcription01:53

Bacterial Transcription

28.9K
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
28.9K
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

16.6K
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
16.6K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

9.3K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
9.3K
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

24.5K
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
24.5K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on TRO Approach
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Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on TRO Approach

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本質的な転写終止の構造的基礎

Linlin You1,2, Expery O Omollo3, Chengzhi Yu1,2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Nature
|January 11, 2023
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは細菌の固有終結を視覚化し RNAポリメラーゼが 休止し RNAのヘアピンを折り畳み DNAを巻き戻して RNAを放出する方法を明らかにしました この構造的メカニズムはすべての生物における遺伝子転写の終結の鍵です.

さらに関連する動画

High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins
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High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins

Published on: August 26, 2012

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Single-Molecule Imaging of EWS-FLI1 Condensates Assembling on DNA
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Single-Molecule Imaging of EWS-FLI1 Condensates Assembling on DNA

Published on: September 8, 2021

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on TRO Approach
12:12

Analysis of Termination of Transcription Using BrUTP-strand-specific Transcription Run-on TRO Approach

Published on: March 12, 2017

9.9K
High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins
07:44

High-throughput Purification of Affinity-tagged Recombinant Proteins

Published on: August 26, 2012

14.3K
Single-Molecule Imaging of EWS-FLI1 Condensates Assembling on DNA
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Single-Molecule Imaging of EWS-FLI1 Condensates Assembling on DNA

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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 構造生物学
  • 生物化学

背景:

  • 遺伝子転写は全ての生物において 効率的で正確な終結を必要とします
  • バクテリアと真核生物の内在的終結は保存された経路である.
  • このプロセスは,RNAポリメラーゼがターミネーター配列を認識し,新生RNAを放出することを含む.

研究 の 目的:

  • バクテリアの固有の終結の構造的メカニズムを明らかにする.
  • トランスクリプション終了複合体の中間状態を視覚化します.
  • RNAの放出とDNAの崩壊の経路を理解するために

主な方法:

  • 単粒子の冷凍電子顕微鏡 (冷凍EM)
  • エシェリキア・コーライの転写終結複合体の構造分析
  • 重要な中間状態の視覚化

主要な成果:

  • *E. coli*の転写内在の終結複合体の詳細な構造が得られた.
  • ターミネーター配列でRNAポリメラーゼが一時停止するメカニズムが明らかにされた.
  • RNAの放出過程におけるターミネーターRNAのヘアピンとDNAの復元が可視化されました.

結論:

  • バクテリアの内在的終結のための包括的な構造的メカニズムが定義されています.
  • この研究は,因子独立した終結に関連するRNAの放出とDNAの崩壊に関する洞察を提供します.
  • これらの発見は,すべての生命体におけるRNAポリメラーゼに適用できます.