微生物群に対する免疫は,感覚神経の再生を促進する
Michel Enamorado1, Warakorn Kulalert1, Seong-Ji Han1
1Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Cell
|January 14, 2023
まとめ
腸内微生物に対する適応免疫は 損傷後の神経の修復を助けます コメンサル特異のT細胞はインタールイキン-17A (IL-17A) を放出し,直接感覚神経に信号を送り,再生を促進する.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 神経科学
- 微生物学
背景:
- 免疫系と生理系は 傷に対する反応を調整します
- 免疫系と神経系との相互作用は 組織修復に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 微生物群に対する適応免疫反応が傷害後の感覚ニューロン再生にどのように影響するかを調査する.
- 免疫媒介によるニューロン修復の基礎となる分子メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 組織在住の共生性特異性T細胞の分析と感覚神経繊維との局所化.
- ニューロンの相互作用と修復に関与するT細胞の転写プロファイリング.
- 感覚神経細胞再生におけるサイトカインインタールイキン-17A (IL-17A) とその受容体の役割を調査する.
主要な成果:
- 組織在住の共生特異性T細胞は,傷害後の軸索の成長と神経再生を促進する.
- これらのT細胞はニューロンの相互作用と修復に関連する遺伝子を発現します.
- Th17細胞によって放出されるインタールイウキン-17A (IL-17A) は,損傷したニューロンで上位調節されるIL-17受容体Aを介して直接感覚神経に信号を送ります.
結論:
- 微生物群への適応免疫は,組織損傷時に感覚神経の再生を直接促進する.
- インタールイウキン17A (IL-17A) は,神経修復のための免疫系と神経系を繋ぐ重要な媒介体です.
- この研究では 予防的な免疫が 生物学的システムを調整することで 神経細胞の急速な修復を促進する 新しいメカニズムが明らかになりました
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