フェノタイプと環境の不一致は,野生の赤いリスの生涯の適性を高めます
Lauren Petrullo1, Stan Boutin2, Jeffrey E Lane3
1Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 19, 2023
まとめ
赤リスのフェノタイプと環境の不一致は 食物信号を過大評価することで 生涯のフィットネスを高めることを示しています 食料が不足しているときに 繁殖の努力を増やさないと 深刻な健康コストがかかります
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 進化生物学
- 動物 の 行動
背景:
- 生物は,その特徴 (現象型) が環境と一致しない場合,フィットネスコストに直面する.
- 環境の変化に対する 種の反応を予測するために これらの不一致を理解することは 極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 野生の赤いリスの異なるタイプの現象型環境不一致のコストを調査する.
- 非対称なエラーコストが環境のシグナルに対する適応バイアスを説明するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 野生の赤いリスとその生殖努力が 環境からの食物供給のシグナルに反応することを研究しました
- 生殖力の過剰と不足の両方の短期的および生涯の健康への影響を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 食料が手に入るのを過大評価する母親は (食料が手に入らないときに努力を増す) 食物が手に入る時に成功しました
- 食料の利用可能性を過小評価した母親は (食料があったときに努力を増やすことに失敗した) 相当な生涯の健康コストを負いました.
結論:
- 非対称的なミスのコストは適応バイアスにつながり,環境のシグナルの過大評価を好む.
- 変動する環境では,シグナルを過大評価する偏見は,過小評価というより高価なエラーを避けるための適応戦略であり,全体的なフィットネスを高めます.
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