アルツハイマー病の遺伝的リスクを宿主からホロバイオントに拡大する
Sabeen A Kazmi1, Elaine Y Hsiao1
1Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Cell
|February 7, 2023
まとめ
腸内細菌はアルツハイマー病 (AD) のリスクに影響します. マウスの腸内微生物の減少はADのような脳の変化を減少させ,短鎖脂肪酸によって逆転し,ADの感受性におけるその役割を示している.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 微生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 腸内微生物群は 神経学的健康と病気に 重要な役割を果たします
- アルツハイマー病 (AD) は進行性神経変性疾患で,罹患率が増加しています.
- 腸内微生物の変化とADの病原性を 関連づけている新しい証拠があります
研究 の 目的:
- アルツハイマー病の神経病理学における腸内微生物の因果的役割を調査する.
- 腸内細菌がADの進行に及ぼす 性別特有の影響を調査する.
- ADの感受性に関与する潜在的微生物代謝物を特定する.
主な方法:
- ADの危険因子を持つ遺伝子組み換えマウスを使用した.
- 腸内細菌を減らすために 抗生物質を投与した
- アルツハイマー病の神経病理学的マーカーの評価
- 投与された短鎖脂肪酸 (SCFA) の効果を評価する.
主要な成果:
- 腸内細菌の枯渇は,ADに関連する神経病理を 性別によって著しく減少させた.
- 腸内細菌の減少による保護効果は,SCFA投与によって逆転した.
- SCFAなどの特定の細菌代謝物は,ADの感受性を調節しているようです.
結論:
- 腸内微生物群はアルツハイマー病の神経病理に影響を与える重要な要因です
- 腸内微生物群が介在する 性別特有のメカニズムがADに寄与します
- 腸内細菌やその代謝物質を標的とした治療は アルツハイマー病の新たな治療戦略を提示するかもしれません
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