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東のスワイツ氷河の接地地帯での基礎融解が抑制されている
Peter E D Davis1, Keith W Nicholls2, David M Holland3,4
1British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK. petvis@bas.ac.uk.
Nature
|February 15, 2023
まとめ
暖かい海水がスワイツ氷河を溶かしている
科学分野:
- 氷河学
- 海洋学
- 南極 研究
背景:
- 急速に変化する南極の氷河系です
- 氷河が海面を下回るため 氷河は不可逆的に失われ 世界海面が上昇する恐れがあります
- 氷の消失を予測する上で 海洋の状況と 基礎層の融解を把握することが重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 東部の氷棚 (Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf,TEIS) の接地地帯における海洋状態と基礎層の融解を調査する.
- 基礎溶解率を予測する現在のモデルの正確性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 熱水で掘った穴から観測した.
- 分析された水柱の温度,安定性,流速,密度の層分化.
主要な成果:
- 熱い,非常に安定した水柱がTEISの接地地帯で観測され,その温度はin situの凍結点を超えています.
- 氷の基底への熱混合を大幅に制限し,基礎融解を抑制することが判明しました.
- 氷床の基礎融解モデルでは 観測された融解速度を 複製できないことが示されました
結論:
- 暖かい海洋温度にもかかわらず,熱混合が制限されているため,TEISでの基礎溶解は抑制されます.
- 海面予測のカノニカルモデルは,スワイツ氷河の融解過程を正確に表していないかもしれません.
- 素早い,潜在的に不安定な接地線の後退は,適度な基礎溶解率でも起こり得る.
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