攻撃性を反映する下垂体ニューロン

Taehong Yang¹, Daniel W Bayless¹, Yichao Wei¹

¹Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Cell

|February 16, 2023

まとめ

研究者はマウスの視床下部に攻撃性を反映するニューロンを発見しましたこれらのニューロンは戦闘行動に不可欠で活性化すると攻撃性を引き起こすことができ皮質下での社会的相互作用の基盤を明らかにします

科学分野:

神経科学
行動生物学
社会的認知

背景:

社会的なやり取りは他人の行動を理解することに依存します
ミラーニューロンはこの理解を支える仮説です
以前の研究では霊長類の新皮質のミラーニューロンに焦点を当てており皮質下部の役割は未知のままでした

研究の目的:

社会的行動,特に攻撃性を表現し,制御する低頭部ニューロンの役割を調査する.
攻撃性ニューロンがミラーリング特性 (自己と他の行動を表す) を示すかどうかを判断する.
脳皮質下部のミラーニューロンの存在と機能を研究する

主な方法:

ネズミの特定のニューロン集団を特定し,操作するために, 遺伝的にコードされたミラートラップ戦略を使用しました.
攻撃的行動中の VMHvlPR ニューロンの活動を記録し分析した.
実験的にVMHlPRニューロンを活性化して攻撃的表象への影響を観察した.

主要な成果:

ネズミの視床下部にある個々のVMHvlPRニューロンが自己および他者による攻撃を表しています
攻撃を反映する神経細胞の活動が戦闘に不可欠であることを示しました
強い神経細胞の活性化が攻撃的表情を誘発することが示されました鏡像に対してさえです

結論:

進化的に古くからある下垂体にある皮質下部の"鏡像センター"を発見した
この下垂体ニューロンが社会的行動特に攻撃性の重要な認知基質であることを確立しました
霊長類の新皮質の外にあるミラーニューロンシステムの存在と機能的重要性を証明した.

キーワード:

フォストラップトラップ2 VMVl について攻撃性認知能力感情ファイバーフォトメトリーミニスクープミラーニューロン社会的行動社会的認知尾の鳴き声ベントロメディアル・ヒポタラムス

さらに関連する動画

09:39

Hypothalamic Kisspeptin Neurons as a Target for Whole-Cell Patch-Clamp Recordings

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.4K

09:12

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

71.1K

関連する概念動画

01:47

Aggression

27.9K

Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...

27.9K

01:23

Diencephalon: Hypothalamus and Coordination

1.8K

The hypothalamus is a small yet highly complex and essential brain region that plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. Anatomically, it is located at the base of the brain, just above the brainstem and below the thalamus, forming part of the limbic system.
The hypothalamus interacts with other brain regions, including the pituitary gland, through a direct physical connection called the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus receives somatic and visceral inputs and...

1.8K

01:30

Diencephalon: Anatomical Regions

2.3K

The diencephalon, etymologically translated as 'through brain,' plays an integral role as the conduit between the cerebrum and the vast extent of the nervous system. However, the olfactory system is an exception, as it interfaces directly with the cerebrum. The diencephalon, deeply ensconced beneath the cerebrum, primarily consists of three paired structures — the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithelamus. It also includes accessory structures such as the subthalamus, which houses the...

2.3K

01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

305

Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...

305

01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

3.3K

The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...

3.3K

01:27

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay

1.7K

The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological...